ἀκολουθέω

I accompany, attend, follow

Definition

The verb ἀκολουθέω primarily means 'to follow' in both a physical and metaphorical sense. In its most basic sense, it describes physically accompanying someone, as when the disciples left their nets to follow Jesus (Matthew 4:20). It also carries a strong metaphorical meaning of being a disciple or adherent, implying obedience and commitment to a teacher's way of life and teachings, as seen when Jesus says, 'If anyone would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me' (Matthew 16:24). In some contexts, it can mean to follow along with a crowd or event (Matthew 4:25).

Biblical Usage

ἀκολουθέω is used frequently in the Gospels (especially Matthew, Mark, and John) and Revelation. In the Gospels, it most often describes the act of becoming or being a disciple of Jesus, involving a call to leave one's former life (Matthew 9:9). In John's Gospel, it frequently emphasizes the intimate, relational aspect of following (John 10:27). In Revelation, it is used in a more general sense of following or adhering to something, such as the multitude following the Lamb (Revelation 14:4).

Etymology

Derived from the prefix ἀ- (a copulative prefix meaning 'together with') and the root *kelə- meaning 'to go' (related to κέλευθος, *keleythos*, 'a road, path'). It does not come from ἀ- (not) as previously noted. The compound thus literally means 'to go along the same road with,' which perfectly captures its dual meaning of physical accompaniment and shared journey in discipleship.

Semantic Range

This is a central word for understanding Christian discipleship. It moves beyond mere physical movement to denote a total reorientation of one's life in allegiance to Jesus Christ. It implies submission, imitation, and persistent attachment. Understanding this Greek term enriches reading by highlighting that following Jesus is an active, continuous commitment of the whole person, not a passive belief.

In the first-century Jewish and Greco-Roman world, to 'follow' a rabbi or philosopher meant to become his devoted student, often living with him and seeking to embody his teachings. Jesus' call to follow him fit this pattern but was radical in its immediacy ('at once' - Matthew 4:20) and ultimate authority, demanding primary loyalty over family and occupation.

ἔπομαι (hepomai, G1871) — A more literary synonym, often used for following as an attendant or companion. πορεύομαι (poreuomai, G4198) — Emphasizes the act of going or traveling, without the necessary connotation of following a person. μιμέομαι (mimeomai, G3401) — Means 'to imitate,' focusing on copying behavior rather than the relational attachment of following.

Word Details

Scripture References