ἀπεῖπον

I renounce, disown

Definition

The verb ἀπεῖπον (apeipon) means to renounce, disown, or forbid. In its sole New Testament occurrence, it carries the sense of openly renouncing or rejecting hidden, shameful practices (2 Corinthians 4:2). In broader Greek literature, it could also mean to forbid or refuse something, often with a sense of finality or public declaration. The word implies a decisive, verbal act of disassociation or prohibition.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the New Testament, in 2 Corinthians 4:2. Here, the Apostle Paul states he has 'renounced' (ἀπειπάμεθα) the hidden things of shame. The context is Paul's defense of his ministry's integrity, contrasting it with deceptive methods. The usage is active and decisive, describing a public, verbal rejection of unethical behavior.

Etymology

Derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-, meaning 'away from' or expressing negation) and the root of the verb εἴπον (eipon, 'to speak'). Thus, it literally means 'to speak away from,' conveying the idea of speaking against, refusing, or renouncing. It is an aorist form, often indicating a definitive past action.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it underscores the Christian ethic of transparency and integrity in ministry. Paul's use of ἀπεῖπον in 2 Corinthians 4:2 highlights the conscious, verbal rejection of deception and hidden sin, grounding apostolic authority in truthfulness before God. Understanding this Greek term enriches the reading by emphasizing the proactive, public nature of this renunciation, which is foundational to the gospel's credibility.

In the Greco-Roman world, public speech acts of renunciation or disowning were powerful social and legal gestures. For Paul to use this term in a letter defending his character would resonate with an audience familiar with the weight of such a declaration. It frames his ministry's honesty not as a passive quality but as an active, stated principle.

ἀρνέομαι (arneomai, G720) — more general 'to deny' or 'disown,' often used for denying Christ or oneself. ἀποτάσσομαι (apotassomai, G657) — to say farewell, renounce, with a focus on separation (e.g., from possessions).

Word Details

Scripture References