ἀποφέρω

I carry, bear away

Definition

The verb ἀποφέρω means 'to carry away' or 'to bring away,' often implying movement from one place to another. In its most basic sense, it describes physically transporting something, as when the disciples were to carry the collection for Jerusalem (1 Corinthians 16:3). It can also denote a forceful or authoritative removal, seen when Jesus is 'led away' to Pilate (Mark 15:1). In visionary contexts, it takes on a spiritual sense of being transported, such as when John is 'carried away' in the Spirit to see visions (Revelation 17:3, 21:10).

Biblical Usage

ἀποφέρω appears five times in the New Testament across various contexts. It describes judicial action (Mark 15:1), a post-death transition (Luke 16:22, where Lazarus is 'carried away' by angels), logistical planning for a gift (1 Corinthians 16:3), and visionary experiences in Revelation (17:3, 21:10). The usage shifts from literal, physical carrying to metaphorical or supernatural transportation, with Revelation employing it for spiritual journeys.

Etymology

Derived from the preposition ἀπό ('away from') and the common verb φέρω ('to bear' or 'to carry'). It is a compound verb that intensifies the sense of carrying, emphasizing the movement 'away from' a starting point. Its root meaning is straightforward but gains nuanced applications in different contexts.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant in its depiction of divinely orchestrated movement. In Luke 16:22, it underscores the angelic escort of the righteous to Abraham's side, highlighting the afterlife destiny of believers. In Revelation, it describes the prophet's visionary transport, essential for receiving apocalyptic revelation. Understanding this term enriches reading by clarifying whether a passage describes physical transfer, judicial action, or spiritual experience.

In the Greco-Roman world, 'carrying away' could imply legal custody or the spoils of war, adding gravity to its use in Mark 15:1. The concept of being 'carried away' at death by angels (Luke 16:22) resonates with Jewish and early Christian beliefs about angelic intermediaries guiding souls, differing from modern secular views of death.

φέρω (pherō, G5342) — the simpler root meaning 'to bear' or 'to bring,' without the directional emphasis of 'away.'; ἀναφέρω (anapherō, G399) — means 'to carry up' or 'offer up,' often used for sacrifices or ascending.; κομίζω (komizō, G2865) — means 'to receive,' 'get,' or 'carry off,' focusing more on the acquisition or end result of carrying.

Word Details

Scripture References