βούλημα

will, counsel, purpose

Definition

βούλημα refers to a deliberate, settled will or purpose, often implying a firm intention or resolve. In the New Testament, it consistently denotes a determined plan or counsel, not merely a wish. In Acts 27:43, it describes the centurion's 'purpose' to save Paul, highlighting a decisive plan of action. In Romans 9:19, it refers to God's sovereign 'will' or purpose, which no one can resist, emphasizing its unchangeable and authoritative nature.

Biblical Usage

This word appears only twice in the New Testament, both times signifying a fixed and authoritative purpose. In Acts 27:43, it is used in a human, military context for the centurion's decisive plan. In Romans 9:19, it is used in a profound theological context for God's sovereign will in election, showcasing its application to both divine and human spheres of determined intention.

Etymology

Derived from the verb βούλομαι (boulomai, G1014), meaning 'to will,' 'to purpose,' or 'to be resolved.' The noun form βούλημα emphasizes the resulting settled will, plan, or decree. It is related to βουλή (boulē, G1012), which often means 'counsel' or 'plan,' with βούλημα focusing more on the willed purpose itself.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it underscores the concept of God's sovereign, deliberate will. In Romans 9:19, it is central to Paul's discussion of divine election and human responsibility, highlighting that God's purpose is ultimate and unassailable. Understanding this Greek term enriches reading by clarifying that God's will is not a casual desire but His determined, effective plan.

In the Greco-Roman world, the concept of a settled will or decree was familiar in political and philosophical contexts, often associated with authoritative pronouncements. The biblical usage, especially for God's will, aligns with and elevates this idea, presenting it as an expression of divine sovereignty rather than mere human deliberation.

θέλημα (thelēma, G2307) — emphasizes desire or wish, often God's gracious will; βουλή (boulē, G1012) — focuses more on counsel or plan as a process; γνώμη (gnōmē, G1106) — opinion, judgment, or purpose, sometimes with a less settled connotation.

Word Details

Scripture References