חֲצַר הַתִּיכוֹן
Chatsar-hat-Tikon, a place in Palestine
Definition
חֲצַר הַתִּיכוֹן (Chatsar-hat-Tikon) is a proper noun referring to a specific location in ancient Palestine, mentioned only in Ezekiel 47:16. The name means 'village of the middle' or 'middle courtyard,' likely describing a settlement situated between other geographical points. In Ezekiel's vision, it serves as a boundary marker for the restored land of Israel, positioned between Hazar-enon and the border of Damascus. As a place name, its significance is entirely tied to its single biblical occurrence in a prophetic context.
Biblical Usage
This term is used exactly once in the Old Testament, in Ezekiel 47:16. It functions strictly as a geographical proper noun within Ezekiel's detailed description of the future borders of the land of Israel. The context is prophetic and visionary, as Ezekiel outlines the boundaries from Hamath to Hazar-enon, which is 'on the border of Damascus,' with Hazar-hat-Tikon being on the border of Hauran. There is no other usage or development of meaning across biblical books.
Etymology
The name is a compound of two Hebrew words with the definite article (הַ) inserted. It derives from חָצֵר (chatser, H2691), meaning 'village,' 'settlement,' or 'courtyard,' and תִּיכוֹן (tikon, H8484), meaning 'middle' or 'central.' The construction literally translates to 'village of the middle,' suggesting its location was central or intermediate relative to other places. This follows a common Hebrew naming pattern for settlements based on their geographical character.
Semantic Range
While the place itself is obscure, its inclusion in Ezekiel 47:16 carries theological weight. It appears in the prophet's vision of the restored land's ideal boundaries, emphasizing God's meticulous care in defining the inheritance for His people. Understanding this Hebrew name reinforces that even minor, unknown locations have a designated place in God's sovereign plan for restoration and holiness, as outlined in Ezekiel's grand vision of a renewed Israel.
As a place name, it reflects the ancient Near Eastern practice of naming settlements descriptively based on location or function ('middle village'). Its exact location is unknown today, which is common for many minor biblical sites. For the original audience, it likely identified a known, though possibly small, settlement or region that helped define a border, functioning as a tangible landmark in a prophetic description of territory.
חָצֵר (chatser, H2691) — The root word meaning 'village' or 'courtyard,' a common term for settlements. תִּיכוֹן (tikon, H8484) — The root word meaning 'middle,' used for central locations or items.
Word Details
How this works
Hebrew definitions are from Brown-Driver-Briggs (1906) and Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (1890), both public domain. BDB was groundbreaking for its era but reflects 19th-century assumptions about Semitic etymology. Modern scholarship (HALOT, DCH) has revised many entries. Use these definitions as a starting point for exploration, not as the final word on a term's meaning in context.
Full methodology & sources →