ἐνειλέω

I wrap up, roll up in something

Definition

ἐνειλέω means to wrap up, roll up, or wind something in a covering, often implying a thorough and secure envelopment. In its single New Testament occurrence, it specifically describes the action of wrapping Jesus' body in linen cloth for burial (Mark 15:46). The term conveys a sense of careful preparation and containment, distinct from simply placing a cloth over something. While not used elsewhere in the New Testament, in broader Greek literature it could describe wrapping objects or even metaphorically enveloping someone in circumstances.

Biblical Usage

This verb is used only once in the New Testament, in Mark 15:46, where Joseph of Arimathea buys linen, takes Jesus' body down from the cross, and 'wrapped it' (ἐνείλησεν) in the linen. The usage is strictly literal and describes a key action in the Jewish burial customs of the first century. The context is the respectful and hasty preparation of a body for entombment before the Sabbath began.

Etymology

Derived from the preposition ἐν (en, meaning 'in') and the verb εἱλέω (heileō, meaning 'to roll, wind, or wrap'). It is a compound verb that literally means 'to roll in' or 'to wrap in.' This construction emphasizes the action of enclosing an object within a wrapping material. Cognates or related concepts include the noun εἰλέω (heileō) for the act of rolling.

Semantic Range

While the word itself is a simple action verb, its sole biblical use in the burial of Jesus (Mark 15:46) gives it profound theological significance. It marks the tangible, physical reality of Jesus' death and burial, a core component of the gospel message (1 Corinthians 15:3-4). Understanding this careful act of wrapping enriches the narrative by highlighting the honor given to Jesus' body even in death and underscores the historical truth of his entombment, which preceded his resurrection.

In its cultural setting, ἐνειλέω in Mark 15:46 refers specifically to the Jewish burial practice of wrapping a body in linen strips, often with spices. This was not merely a shroud laid over the body but a winding or binding process. This careful preparation was an act of piety and respect for the deceased, and doing it hastily before the Sabbath (as described in the passage) adds urgency and poignancy to the scene, contrasting with the dishonor of crucifixion.

ἐντυλίσσω (entylissō, G1794) — also means to wrap or roll up, used in Matthew 27:59 and Luke 23:53 for wrapping Jesus' body; can imply a folding or coiling action. σπαργανόω (sparganoō, G4683) — means to wrap in swaddling clothes, used specifically for infants (Luke 2:7, 12).

Word Details

Scripture References