ἐθίζω

I accustom

Definition

The verb ἐθίζω means 'to accustom,' 'to train,' or 'to habituate.' It refers to the process of making a practice or behavior familiar through regular repetition. In its sole New Testament occurrence in Luke 2:27, it describes how Jesus' parents, in accordance with the custom of the Law, brought him to the temple. The word implies a settled pattern of religious observance, not a one-time event. While the core meaning is consistent, the context determines what one is accustomed to doing—here, it is fulfilling Mosaic Law requirements.

Biblical Usage

ἐθίζω is used only once in the New Testament, in Luke 2:27. It describes the habitual practice of Jesus' parents in following the religious customs of the Law. The context is the presentation of the infant Jesus at the temple, indicating this was a regular, customary act of obedience for devout Jewish parents. Its usage highlights the pattern of piety and observance in Jesus' upbringing.

Etymology

Derived from the Greek noun ἔθος (ethos, G1485), meaning 'custom' or 'habit.' The verb form ἐθίζω literally means 'to make customary' or 'to form a habit.' It shares a root with the English word 'ethic,' pointing to ingrained patterns of behavior. The meaning developed from the idea of repeated action leading to a settled practice.

Semantic Range

Though used only once, ἐθίζω is theologically significant as it frames Jesus' early life within the context of faithful Jewish observance. It shows that Jesus' family was devout in following the Mosaic Law, grounding the Incarnation in real, customary piety. Understanding this term enriches reading by highlighting that Jesus was raised in full obedience to the Law, which he later fulfills (Matthew 5:17).

In the 1st-century Jewish world, religious customs (ἔθη) were central to communal identity. Habitual observance of the Law, like temple visits and rituals, was a mark of piety. ἐθίζω in Luke 2:27 reflects this cultural expectation—parents were to accustom themselves and their children to these practices. This differs from a modern, more individualistic view of religious habit.

ἔθος (ethos, G1485) — the noun meaning 'custom' or 'habit,' the source concept. συνήθεια (synētheia, G4914) — 'custom' or 'habit,' often with a sense of social convention or familiarity. ἐθισμός (ethismos) — a related noun for 'custom' or 'usage,' though not in the NT.

Word Details

Scripture References