εὐποιΐα

doing of good

Definition

εὐποιΐα refers to the active practice of doing good, specifically benevolent actions toward others. It denotes not just a general disposition of kindness, but the concrete, tangible deeds that flow from a virtuous character. In its sole New Testament occurrence in Hebrews 13:16, it is paired with κοινωνία (koinōnia, 'sharing') to describe the kind of sacrifices that please God. The word emphasizes the outward expression of goodness through practical help and generosity.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the New Testament, in Hebrews 13:16: 'And do not forget to do good and to share with others, for with such sacrifices God is pleased.' Here, εὐποιΐα is used in a paraenetic (exhortatory) context, instructing believers on practical Christian living. It is presented as a spiritual sacrifice, a key component of worship that is pleasing to God, alongside fellowship and sharing material possessions.

Etymology

Derived from the adjective εὖ (eu, 'good, well') and the noun ποιέω (poieō, 'to do, to make'). It is a compound noun literally meaning 'good-doing' or 'well-doing.' Cognates include the verb εὐποιέω (eupoieō, 'to do good') and the related concept of εὐεργεσία (euergesia, 'benefaction'). The formation directly links the quality of 'good' with the action of 'doing.'

Semantic Range

εὐποιΐα is theologically significant as it frames acts of practical benevolence as a form of worship and sacrifice acceptable to God (Hebrews 13:16). It moves ethics from internal attitude to external action, showing that true faith manifests in tangible good works. This connects to broader biblical themes of love in action (1 John 3:18) and the 'fruit' of a life transformed by the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23). Understanding this Greek term enriches reading by highlighting that 'doing good' is not merely a suggestion but a core, sacrificial component of Christian worship.

In the Greco-Roman world, public benefaction (εὐεργεσία) by the wealthy was a key social virtue that brought honor. The New Testament's use of εὐποιΐα, while related, democratizes this concept—it is an expectation for all believers, not just the elite, and is directed primarily within the community of faith and toward those in need, motivated by love for God rather than public acclaim.

ἀγαθοποιΐα (agathopoiia, G17) — Very close synonym, also meaning 'doing good'; often used interchangeably. καλὸν ἔργον (kalon ergon) — A phrase meaning 'good work'; broader, can refer to any virtuous deed. φιλανθρωπία (philanthrōpia, G5363) — 'Love for humankind, kindness'; emphasizes the loving motive behind benevolent action.

Word Details

Scripture References