ὁμιλέω

I associate with, talk with

Definition

The verb ὁμιλέω means to associate with, converse with, or spend time in company with others. In the New Testament, it primarily describes interpersonal communication and fellowship, such as the disciples walking and talking with the risen Jesus on the road to Emmaus (Luke 24:14-15). It can also imply a more extended, intimate association, as seen when Paul conversed at length with believers in Troas (Acts 20:11) and when Governor Felix frequently sent for Paul to speak with him (Acts 24:26). The term thus encompasses both casual conversation and deliberate, relational engagement.

Biblical Usage

ὁμιλέω is used only four times in the New Testament, all in narrative contexts within Luke-Acts. It describes significant, often transformative, conversations. In Luke 24:14-15, it frames the disciples' discussion about Jesus' death, which becomes the setting for his revelation to them. In Acts, it denotes Paul's prolonged teaching in Troas (Acts 20:11) and his repeated, private discussions with the Roman governor Felix (Acts 24:26), highlighting moments of instruction, persuasion, and personal interaction.

Etymology

Derived from the Greek noun ὅμιλος (homilos), meaning 'a crowd' or 'throng,' ὁμιλέω literally conveys the idea of being with a crowd or company. Its root sense is communal association, which naturally extends to verbal interaction within a group. This background emphasizes the social and relational dimension inherent in its meaning of conversation and fellowship.

Semantic Range

ὁμιλέω enriches our understanding of biblical fellowship and divine revelation. It portrays God's desire for intimate communication with humanity, as seen when the resurrected Jesus chooses to walk and talk with his disciples (Luke 24:15), transforming their understanding through personal dialogue. The word also models Christian community and discipleship, where meaningful conversation and time spent together are vehicles for teaching, encouragement, and witness, as demonstrated in Paul's ministry (Acts 20:11).

In the Greco-Roman world, conversation and social interaction were highly valued in philosophical, political, and daily life. ὁμιλέω reflects this cultural emphasis on discourse as a means of building relationships, teaching, and persuasion. Unlike modern, often impersonal communication, it implies face-to-face, sustained engagement, which was central to forming bonds and sharing ideas in the ancient Mediterranean context.

λαλέω (laleō, G2980) — a more general term for speaking or uttering, without the necessary connotation of intimate association. διαλέγομαι (dialegomai, G1256) — to discuss, argue, or reason with, often in a disputation or teaching setting. συλλαλέω (syllaleō, G4814) — to talk with or converse, closely related but less common, emphasizing talking together.

Word Details

Scripture References