ὁμότεχνος

of the same trade or craft

Definition

The adjective ὁμότεχνος (omotechnos) means 'of the same trade or craft.' It describes individuals who share a common profession or skilled occupation. In its single biblical occurrence, it specifically denotes the relationship between Paul and his fellow tentmakers, Aquila and Priscilla, indicating a shared vocational identity. The word carries no other distinct senses in the New Testament, as its meaning is straightforward and context-specific to Acts 18:3.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the New Testament, in Acts 18:3. It describes the apostle Paul's relationship with Aquila and Priscilla, who were 'of the same trade' (tentmakers by occupation). The context is Paul's missionary work in Corinth, where he stayed and worked with them. This usage highlights the practical, vocational bond that facilitated both fellowship and economic support within the early Christian community.

Etymology

Derived from the Greek words ὁμός (homos), meaning 'same,' and τέχνη (technē), meaning 'art,' 'skill,' or 'craft.' The compound literally means 'having the same skill.' It is a straightforward descriptive term that directly combines these two common roots to specify a shared profession.

Semantic Range

While not a theologically dense term, ὁμότεχνος offers a valuable glimpse into the practical, incarnational nature of Paul's ministry. It shows that apostolic work was often integrated with common labor (1 Thessalonians 2:9), modeling humility, self-support, and the dignity of work. Understanding this term enriches reading by highlighting how the gospel was advanced through ordinary vocational relationships and mutual economic support within the believing community.

In the Greco-Roman world, trades and crafts were often organized into guilds or collegia. Being 'of the same trade' implied a social and economic network. For Paul, a highly educated Pharisee, to identify as a manual laborer (a tentmaker) was culturally counter-intuitive, as such work was often looked down upon by the elite. This context makes his partnership with Aquila and Priscilla a powerful example of crossing social boundaries for the sake of the gospel and community.

συνεργός (synergos, G4904) — a broader term for 'fellow worker' or 'co-worker,' which can include ministry collaboration beyond a shared trade. κοινωνός (koinōnos, G2844) — means 'partner,' 'sharer,' or 'companion,' often with a focus on shared participation or fellowship, not necessarily a specific vocation.

Word Details

Scripture References