φήμη

a report, fame

Definition

The Greek word φήμη (phēmē) primarily means 'a report' or 'fame'—specifically, news or information that is spread by word of mouth. In the New Testament, it refers to the widespread, public talk or reputation that circulates about a person or event. In Matthew 9:26, it describes the report of Jesus's miracle (raising Jairus's daughter) that spread throughout the region. In Luke 4:14, it denotes the fame or reputation Jesus gained through his teaching and miracles in Galilee, which preceded him into other areas.

Biblical Usage

φήμη is used only twice in the New Testament, both in the Gospels, and always in the context of Jesus's ministry generating public attention. In Matthew 9:26, it follows a miracle, emphasizing how news of Jesus's power spread. In Luke 4:14, it summarizes the general reputation or fame Jesus acquired as he began his public ministry, powered by the Spirit. The usage pattern shows it refers to organic, public dissemination of information, not an official announcement.

Etymology

Derived from the Greek verb φημί (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to declare.' It is related to the concept of speech and proclamation. Cognates include φάσις (phasis, 'statement') and φάμα (phama, 'rumor'). The word's development centers on that which is spoken about, hence 'report' or 'fame.'

Semantic Range

While not a heavily theological term, φήμη highlights a key aspect of Jesus's ministry: his works and teaching naturally generated widespread public attention and testimony. This 'report' or 'fame' often preceded him, drawing crowds and setting the stage for further teaching and revelation (e.g., Luke 4:14-15). Understanding this word enriches reading by showing how God's work in Christ became a topic of public discourse, fulfilling that his 'fame' would spread (cf. Matthew 4:24).

In the Greco-Roman world, φήμη often carried the sense of common talk or rumor, which could be positive (fame) or negative (ill repute). It was a primary means of information spread in an oral culture. Unlike modern, verified news, a φήμη was the collective voice of the community. In the biblical usage, it reflects how Jesus's impact was immediately processed and communicated by the populace.

ἀκοή (akoē, G189) — emphasizes the act of hearing or the thing heard, a message or report. λόγος (logos, G3056) — a broader term for word, statement, or account, often with more weight or substance. μαρτυρία (martyria, G3141) — testimony or witness, often with a formal or legal connotation.

Word Details

Scripture References