πλατύνω

I enlarge

Definition

The verb πλατύνω means 'to enlarge' or 'to make broad.' In its literal sense, it refers to physically widening something, as seen in Matthew 23:5 where the Pharisees are said to 'enlarge' their phylacteries. In a metaphorical sense, it describes the expansion of the heart or affections. This is powerfully illustrated in 2 Corinthians 6:11-13, where Paul tells the Corinthians, 'Our heart is enlarged,' speaking of his open, generous, and loving disposition toward them, and he urges them to 'be enlarged also' in their hearts toward him.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only three times in the New Testament, all in the context of relational openness and spiritual posture. In Matthew 23:5, it is used negatively to describe the hypocritical, outward display of the Pharisees. In 2 Corinthians 6:11 and 13, Paul uses it positively and metaphorically to appeal for reciprocal Christian love and openness within the church community. The pattern shows a shift from a literal, physical action to a profound spiritual and emotional application.

Etymology

Derived from the Greek adjective πλατύς (platys), meaning 'broad,' 'wide,' or 'flat.' It is a cognate of words like 'plateau' and 'platypus.' The verb form πλατύνω carries the basic sense of making something broad, which was then naturally extended into metaphorical uses concerning the heart and mind.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it captures the concept of spiritual capacity and relational generosity. It illustrates that Christian love is not static but is meant to expand and widen. Paul's usage in 2 Corinthians connects an 'enlarged heart' directly to the ministry of reconciliation and the call for mutual affection within the body of Christ. Understanding this Greek term enriches reading by highlighting that biblical love involves an active, widening openness toward others, in contrast to hypocritical, outward religiosity.

In Matthew 23:5, the cultural context is the practice of wearing phylacteries (small leather boxes containing scripture). Enlarging them was a showy, public act meant to appear more pious. This contrasts sharply with Paul's use, which draws on the common ancient understanding of the 'heart' as the center of thought, will, and emotion. An 'enlarged heart' was a metaphor for generosity, compassion, and receptivity.

αὐξάνω (auxanō, G837) — focuses on growth in size or increase, often used for organic growth. πληθύνω (plēthynō, G4129) — emphasizes multiplying in number or increasing abundantly. μεγαλύνω (megalynō, G3170) — means to magnify or make great, often in honor or praise.

Word Details

Scripture References