προσποιέω

I pretend, regard

Definition

The verb προσποιέω means to pretend, to make a show of, or to act as if something is the case. It can also carry the sense of regarding or treating someone or something in a particular way, often with an element of outward appearance that may not reflect inner reality. In its single New Testament occurrence in Luke 24:28, it describes Jesus 'pretending' to go further, a strategic action to elicit a response from his disciples. The word inherently involves an external display or behavior intended to create a specific impression.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the New Testament, in Luke 24:28, within the narrative of Jesus' appearance to the two disciples on the road to Emmaus after his resurrection. The verse states, 'And they drew near to the village where they were going, and He acted as if He were going farther.' Here, the word describes Jesus' deliberate pretense of continuing his journey, a tactical action that prompted the disciples to urgently invite him to stay, leading to the revelation of his identity during the breaking of bread.

Etymology

Derived from the preposition πρό (pro, meaning 'before' or 'forward') combined with the verb ποιέω (poieō, meaning 'to make' or 'to do'). Literally, it means 'to make before' or 'to make for oneself,' which evolved into the sense of putting on an outward show or pretending. It implies an action performed for the sake of appearance.

Semantic Range

While used only once, this word offers a nuanced insight into Jesus' post-resurrection ministry and pedagogy. His 'pretending' in Luke 24:28 was not deceitful but pedagogically purposeful, designed to draw out faith and invitation from his disciples. It reveals a God who actively engages with human freedom, creating situations that prompt a response of hospitality and openness, which then becomes the setting for profound revelation (the breaking of bread). This enriches our reading by showing divine initiative that respects and works through human interaction.

In the ancient Greco-Roman world, the concept of 'pretense' or strategic outward behavior was well understood in rhetoric, diplomacy, and social interaction. Jesus' action would not have been seen as merely odd but could be interpreted as a deliberate social cue. By appearing to continue his journey, he followed a cultural script where the guest shows reluctance to impose, thereby allowing the hosts to demonstrate genuine hospitality by pressing him to stay, which was a high social value.

ὑποκρίνομαι (hypokrinomai, G5271) — emphasizes acting or playing a part, often with a negative connotation of hypocrisy. προσποιοῦμαι is more specific to pretending or making a show for a particular situational purpose.

Word Details

Scripture References