σχοινίον

a cord, rope

Definition

The Greek word σχοινίον (schoinion) refers to a small cord, rope, or line, typically made of twisted reeds, rushes, or other fibrous materials. In its two New Testament occurrences, it consistently carries this basic meaning of a flexible binding or tether. In John 2:15, Jesus fashions a whip (φραγέλλιον) out of cords (σχοινία) to drive the money-changers from the temple, indicating small, pliable ropes. In Acts 27:32, sailors cut the ropes (σχοινία) of the ship's lifeboat to prevent its escape, showing its use as a securing line in a nautical context.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only twice in the New Testament, in two distinct narrative contexts. In John 2:15, it describes the material Jesus used to make a whip during the cleansing of the temple, emphasizing a deliberate, crafted action. In Acts 27:32, during Paul's stormy voyage to Rome, it refers to the ropes tethering the ship's skiff, which the sailors cut to save the larger vessel. Both uses are literal and describe practical, physical objects crucial to the action of the scene.

Etymology

Derived from the Greek word σχοῖνος (schoinos), meaning 'a rush' or 'reed,' σχοινίον is a diminutive form meaning 'a little cord made of rushes.' The root reflects the common ancient practice of using plant fibers to create ropes. The word is related to the unit of measure 'schoenus,' which was a length measured by a rope or cord.

Semantic Range

In the ancient world, cords and small ropes like σχοινίον were essential, everyday items made from readily available plant materials like papyrus, reeds, or leather. Their use in John 2:15 connects to the temple precincts, where such materials might have been at hand for tying animals. In Acts 27:32, it reflects standard maritime equipment for securing smaller boats to a ship, a vital safety measure. The material was likely less durable than modern hemp or nylon ropes.

σπαρτίον (spartion, G4977) — a small cord or rope, often of a specific material; nearly identical in meaning, used in John 2:15 in some manuscripts. δεσμός (desmos, G1199) — a bond or chain, focusing more on the state of being bound than the physical object itself.

Word Details

Scripture References