συναντάω

I meet, encounter

Definition

The verb συναντάω means 'to meet' or 'to encounter,' often implying a deliberate or significant coming together. In its most basic sense, it describes a physical meeting, as when the crowd meets Jesus after the Transfiguration (Luke 9:37). It can also carry a sense of encountering something, such as facing trials or a destined event, as seen when Paul speaks of what will 'meet' him in Jerusalem (Acts 20:22). In a unique theological usage, it describes the patriarch Melchizedek going out to 'meet' Abraham, signifying a formal, honorific encounter (Hebrews 7:1, 10).

Biblical Usage

This verb is used six times in the New Testament, appearing in Luke, Acts, and Hebrews. It often describes significant, pre-arranged, or providential meetings rather than casual encounters. In Luke's writings, it frames important narrative moments: the crowd meeting Jesus (Luke 9:37), the disciples finding the man carrying water (Luke 22:10), and Cornelius meeting Peter (Acts 10:25). In Hebrews, it is used typologically for the meeting between Melchizedek and Abraham. Paul uses it metaphorically for encountering future suffering (Acts 20:22).

Etymology

Derived from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ἀντάω (antaō), meaning 'to meet face-to-face' or 'to encounter.' The compound emphasizes a coming together, a meeting where parties converge. This root idea of a direct, often intentional, encounter is maintained throughout its biblical usage.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it frames meetings of divine importance. In Hebrews 7:1, 10, it describes the encounter between Melchizedek and Abraham, a key typological event pointing to Christ's eternal priesthood. In Acts, it describes the pivotal meeting between Peter and Cornelius (Acts 10:25), which inaugurated the gospel's spread to the Gentiles. Understanding this word highlights how God orchestrates significant encounters within salvation history.

In the ancient Greco-Roman world, a formal 'meeting' (συναντάω) often carried connotations of purpose, sometimes even a formal reception or confrontation. Unlike a casual bumping into someone, it could imply a planned rendezvous or a significant convergence of paths, which aligns with its use for momentous biblical encounters.

ἀπαντάω (apantaō, G528) — Also means 'to meet,' but can emphasize meeting someone who is coming from the opposite direction, often for a specific purpose. ὑπαντάω (hypantaō, G5221) — Means 'to go to meet,' often implying going out to meet an approaching person, sometimes as an act of honor or welcome.

Word Details

Scripture References