συζάω

I live together with

Definition

The verb συζάω means 'to live together with' or 'to co-live.' In the New Testament, it carries a strong relational and participatory sense, describing a shared existence or life. In Romans 6:8, it specifically denotes the believer's spiritual union with Christ in His resurrection life—'we will also live with him.' In 2 Corinthians 7:3, Paul uses it in a more relational, earthly context to affirm his deep, shared life with the Corinthian believers. In 2 Timothy 2:11, it echoes the Romans usage, confirming the promise of eternal co-living with Christ for those who endure.

Biblical Usage

This word is used three times in the New Testament, always by Paul. Its usage consistently emphasizes a profound, shared existence. In Romans 6:8 and 2 Timothy 2:11, it is used in a theological, soteriological context, promising future resurrection life in union with Christ. In 2 Corinthians 7:3, it is applied to Paul's present, heartfelt relationship with his spiritual children, showing the word can describe both divine and deep human fellowship.

Etymology

Derived from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with') and the verb ζάω (zaō, meaning 'to live'). It is a compound verb literally meaning 'to live with.' Its formation emphasizes companionship and participation in life itself.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it captures the core Christian hope of union with Christ. It moves beyond mere future existence to describe a shared, participatory life—both presently in fellowship and ultimately in resurrection. Understanding this Greek term enriches reading by highlighting that salvation is not just individual life, but life with Christ and, by extension, with His people (2 Cor. 7:3).

In the Greco-Roman world, the concept of 'living with' could imply close partnership, household fellowship, or philosophical companionship. For early Christians, this term was infused with new meaning through the reality of Christ's resurrection, transforming it into a promise of sharing in His divine, eternal life—a concept that would have been striking and unique.

συμβασιλεύω (symbasileuō, G4821) — to reign with, focuses on shared rule/authority. κοινωνέω (koinōneō, G2841) — to share, participate, or have fellowship; broader than shared life, often involving tangible sharing.

Word Details

Scripture References