Adjure

The primitive meaning of a. (from late Lat. adjurare) is to put under oatli. This is its meaning in Jos 6-' ' And Joshua adjured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man ' (RV ' charged them with an oath '), and 1 S 14* ' Saul had a the people, saying, Cursed be the man.' Cf. v." ' thy father straitly charged the people with •Ji oath.' But the word is also used in early writers in the sense of to charge solemnly, without the actual administration of an oath.

Thus Caxton (1483): ' Raguel desired and adjured Thobie that he shold abyde with hym.' This is the mean- ing of a. in the other places of the Bible where it is found (1 K 22", 2 Ch 18", Mt 26'°, Mk 5', Ac 19"). RV gives 'a.' (for AV 'charge,' Heb. pj?) at Ca 2' 3" 5»-» 8«, and at 1 Th 5" (Gr. tvopKliw). Adjuration (not in AV) is found in RV at Lv 5' (.li-ij, AV 'swearing') and Pr 29« (rh», AV ' condng '). See Oath. J. Hastings.

ADLAI (■^3, 'kial), the father of Sbaphat, one of David's herdsmen, 1 Ch 27". ADHAH (rejiu), 'red lands,' Gn 10" 14>-«, Dt 29", Hog 11'.— One of the cities of the Ciecar or ' Round.' It is not noticed as over- thrown in the account of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah (Gn 19), but is included in their catastrophe in the two later passages. The site ia nnknon'n. It might be the same as the city Adah, which see. C. R. Conder. ADMATHA (i«.?

;ii<, Est 1"), one of the wise men or counsellors of Aliasuerus. These seven royal advisers (cf. Ezr 7"), who were granted admission to the king's presence, and saw his face (cf. 2 K 25"), are perhaps to be compared rather with the supreme Persian judges (Herod, iii. 31) than with the representatives of the sue families which took part with Darius against the pseudo, Smerdis (Herod, iii. 84). The name is possibly Persian, a<;^m<5<a = ' unrestrained.' In the LXX only three names are given. H. A.

White. ADMINISTRATION in the general sense of ser- vice is now obsolete. But it is found 1 Co 12° ' tliere are differences of administrations ' (i.e. different kinds of Christian service, KV ' ministrations,' the Hkeiim AT word). In 2 Co 9'^ tliou^'h the Gr. is the same (JiaxoWa, sing.), the meaniu;' is not serrice generally, but the performance of service (RV agam ' ministration ' from Geneva Bible). J. Hastinos.