Again (Hastings' Dictionary)
The proper meaning of again, 'a second time,' is well seen in Rev 19* 'And a. (Gr. SeiTtpoc, RV 'a second time') they said. Alleluia' ; Jn 9" 'Then a. called they (RV 'so they called a second time, Gr. ix Sevripov) the man that was blind '; Ac 11' 'But the voice answered me a. (Gr. (k Scvripov, RV ' a second time ') from heaven ' ; Ph 4" ' ye sent once and again ' (Gr. Sis, tivice, as in Lk 18" 'I fast tvrice in the week'). But the oldest meaning of a.
is 'in the opposite direction' (now generally expressed by ' back '), and of this there are some interesting examples in the Bible : Jg 3" 'He himself turned a. (RV 'back') from the quarries'; Lk 10" 'when I come a. (RV 'back again') I will repay thee'; Pr2" 'None that go unto her return a. ; 2 S 22" '(I) tumcd not a. untU I ha<l consumed them ' ; Lk 6" ' lend, hoping for nothing a.' (RV 'never despairing'); Gn 24° ' Must I needs bring thy son a. unto the land from whence thou camcst?
; Mt 11 'go and show John a. (=go back and show John) those things which ye do hear ' ; Ro 9^ A Vm ' who art thou that answerest again?' Cf. Ps 19' (Pr. Bk.) ' It (the sun) goeth fortli from the uttermost part of the heaven, and runneth almost unto the end of it a.' ; and Tum a^ain, WhlttlngtoD, thrioe Lord Mayor of London I' J. ELastinqs. AGAINST AGK, AGED, OLD AGE 47
This topic also has an entry in the International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Both articles offer independent scholarly perspectives.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia on Again
Again a-gen': Advb. denoting repetition; in New Testament, generally for palin, "back," "once more." Occasionally, it has the force of a connective, synonymous with "moreover," as in Ro 15:10 ff; 1Co 3:20, etc. The expression "born again" of the King James Version, Joh 3:3,7; 1Pe 1:23, translating the Greek "anothen" and "ana" in composition, becomes in the Revised Version (British and American) "anew," i.e. "over again." As these particles mean "from above" and "up," their use as indicating repetition is sometimes disputed, but without further foundation than that "again" does not exhaust the meaning. ⇒See the definition of again in the KJV Dictionary
References
- Orr, J. (ed.) (1915) The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Chicago: Howard-Severance Company. [Public Domain]
- Easton, M.G. (1893) Easton's Bible Dictionary. 3rd edn. Thomas Nelson. [Public Domain]
- Nave, O.J. (1897) Nave's Topical Bible. Topical Bible Publishing Co.. [Public Domain]
- Hastings, J. (ed.) (1909) A Dictionary of the Bible. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Smith, W. (ed.) (1884) Smith's Bible Dictionary. London: John Murray. [Public Domain]
- Fausset, A.R. (1878) Fausset's Bible Dictionary. [Public Domain]A Critical and Expository Bible Cyclopaedia
