Artillery (Hastings' Dictionary)

A general word, including in its meaning both bows and arrows. The word still survives in the name of the Honourable Artillery Comjjany of London, which was originally a guild or club of archers. In 1 Mac ()" ' artillery ' (' mounds to shoot from,' RV) is the tr. of lie\o<;Tda(it, ' ranges of warlike engines ' set against a besieged city. W. E. Barnes. ARUBBOTH (ri^iyn), 1 K 4"' only.— A district, apparentlvin the south of Judah, near IIe|ihcrand Socoh. The Negeb plains are perhaps intended. C.

R. CONDKR. ARUMAH (iTnij), Jg 9*'.— The refuge of Abime- lech when driven out of Slice liciii, su]i|)Osed to be the ruin El '(Jrmch, on the liills S. E. of Shechcni. In the Onovutsticon (s.v. Huma) it is placed at Remphis, in the region of Diospolis (Lyd<la), which was ' by many called Arimatha'a.' The village RentU seems to be meant, near Ranlieh. See SWP T(J. ii. sheets xii. and xiv. C. R. CONIIKK.

ARVAD, ARYADITES (t-in, -ii-ik), northernmost city of the Canaanites, and race inliabiting'it (Gn W'. 1 Ch 1"). The city was built on an island. An-ad or Aradus, now Rinvail, od" tlie .Syrian coast, about 2 miles from the mainland, 'A or 4 miles north-east of Tripolis, scarcely a mile in circum- ference, on which hou.ses were built close together and very high, so as to accommodate a large popu- lation in a small space.

On the mainland opposite, at some distance from the coast, lav the town of Antarados. According to Strabo, fugitives from Sidon settled there and built the city in B.C. 761, but these can only have dispossessed or reinforced older inhabitants, probably like those of Sidon from around the Persian Gulf, under whom it had already risen to a position of some importance. As far back as about B.C. 1100, we find Tiglath- pileser I. speaking of sailing into the great sea in ships of A.

(Schrader, COT- \. 173). In Ezk 27»- " the men of A. are mentioned along with those of Sidon as supplying mariners and warriors to TjTe in the time of her glory. In B.C. 138 the Phccn. town Aradus was one of those named in a circular from the Roman Senate as containing a large Jewish population, towards whom the kings of Egvpt, Syria, etc. (to whom the despatch is addressed), are enjoined to show favour (1 Mac 15'»-^. See Schiirer, HJP II. u. 221 ). J. Macpherson. ARZA (Nr!

¥)- — Prefect of the palace at Tirzah, in whose house king Elah was assassinated by Zimri at a carouse (1 K 16^). C. F. Burney.