Ear-ring

cjj nezem, orig. no.se-ring (Djjn o'sij) n9i<-'?y Gn 24", iijrr 'q^ Ig 3", cf. Ezk 16", where first clause should read as in RV ' I put a ring upon thy nose'), perhaps equiv. to nij in Ex 35'''' (AV bracelet, RV brooch) ; also ap|>lied to ear- ring, D.i-j K? V!< D'PI)!7. Gn 35. In RV it is tr. ring, where the text makes no special reference to nose or ear. For the nose the nezem was a plain rinp of gold worn either in the wing or central cartilage of the nose. For the ear tiie circular form (S'JV Ezk 16") was the most common, but usually ornamented wit'i some sacred or tnliHinanic symbol, or having one «.. more balls attached, hence called niD^j Is 3'» (AV chtiins, RV pendants). In Is 3 for ax'!^ AV 'ear-rings,' RV gives 'amulets' (see Amulet). Such rings forme<i an important part of the bride's ornaments (Gn 24"). At the present day in Syria, when a young peasant woman comes into town with her friends to buy the marriage outfit, the first purchase is usually that of the ear- rings. Ear-rings are now confined to women, being regarded as barbaric and ell'eminate when worn by men. Among the Bedawin, in the case of an only son, the ear-ring \a sometimes worn •■ 8TSUII ua-Kraas. an amulet in the form of a large silver ring sus- pended round the outer ear, with discs or balls attached to the lower half of the ring, hanging visible below the lobe of the ear. Rings for nose and ear formed the material of the golden calf (Ex 32), of Gideon's image (Jg 8"), and were offered for the furnishing of the tabernacle (Ex 35''^). LlTERATntg. — Benzinger, Eeb. Arch. 107 ; Ijine, Modfrn E(fi/ptiaji« (A\>pend. A. ' Female OrnamenU ') ; Wilkinson, .4nc. H'll/p. iu 33B9. ; Hartmann, Hebrderin, iii. 205; WellsUKl, T'rantU, L 821 ; Harmer, Ob: Iv. 811, 814 ; Moore on Jg »". G. M. Mackie. EARTH is the tr. of varions Heb. and Gr. terms, the most notable of which are — 1. no-i^ (deriv. uncertain, perhaps from a root containing notion of being tilled, or of smootMy covering and closely fitting. See Oxf. Heb. Lex. ».v. ), which with its LXX and NT equivalent yv la used (1) of the earth as tilled, Gn 2» 3'' etc. Hence .iDiNri B>'.-< = a husbandman, Gn 9". (2) Of earth as a material substance, from which were fashioned man Gn 2', animals v.'», vessels Is 45 (see I'OTTKRY), of which at times altars were made Ex 20'^, cf. 2 K 5", and which was put upon the head as a token of woe or of contrition 1 S 4", 2 S 1', Neh 9'. In this last reference the term more frequently employed is ■i?i; = dust, which is rendered earth in such passages as Gn 26", Job 8'» 19"' 28' 30' il^, la 2", Dn 12». (3) Of earth as the visible surface of the globe, in such phrases as 'every- thing that creepeth upon the face of the earth ' (RV ' ground ') Gn 1^ 6" etc. (4) Of earth as = land or country Gn 47", la 19", esp. of the Holy Land Zee 2". (5) Of earth as = whole earth Gn 12' 28'. This last usage is rare, and, like the preceding, belongs rather to — 2. nti (in Aram, portions of Err and T)n ni<, Syr. iir'd'), which is used (1) of earth as oiijiosed to heaven Gn 1', cf. Mt 28"; (2) of earth a.- opposec to sea Gn 1", cf. Mk 4' 6' ; (3) of the whole earth Gn 18", or its inhabitante Gn 1", cf. Lk 18»21'»; (4) = land, country, district Gn 10'" 19-«, cf. Mt 2» 4"; (5) as synonymous with n5i'ifl = Boil Gn 1"-", cf. Mt 13». See Cround. 3. A poetic aynon. of pji is Sjb (perhaps fr. a root ^productive ; according to Homniel, Exjms. Tivus, 1897, viii. 472, it had originally a mythological sense), 1 S 2", Is 14" etc. Hotli P(i and Sjn are I rei)ro<luced in the LXX by -^ and olKoo/Uyii, the 631 EARTHQUAKE EARTHQUAKE latter of which occurs a^ood many times also in NT, e.g. Lk 4», Ro W^, Rev 16". See farther Cosmogony, World. J. A. Sblbie.