Pannag (Hastings' Dictionary)

One of the articles of commerce of Judah and Israel (Ezk 27"). The LXX κασία is defined as ‘a shrub similar to the laurel,’ but there is no hint as to its identity. Balsamum is alike indefinite. Ace. to the book Zohar (13th cent.) 32 07 lehem-pannag means ‘ pastry work.’ Dr. Van Dyck in his Arab. Vs ot the Bible gives haldwa. This isa well-known PAPHOS confection, made of syrup, carob honey, dibs (gra honey), or date honey, boiled with ffeved ἘΣ soapwort roots and sesame oil.

‘his sweet is very extensively made and eaten by Orientals, and is a considerable article of commerce. It is known in Turkish as pék-més. We have not seen any de- scription of it in ancient authors, and its etymology bears no resemblance to that of pannag. In the absence of decisive evidence, the Eng. versions wisely transliterate the original, RVm gloss ‘perhaps a kind of confection.’ Cornill (ad doc.) and Hoffmann (Phén. Inschr. 15) emend to 3\5 ‘wax.’ G. E. Post.