Shaaph (Hastings' Dictionary)

1. The son of Jahdai, a Caleb- ite, 1 Ch 2". 2. A son of Caleb by his concubine Maacah, 1 Ch 2". In both passages B haa Ziyat, A Zdyatp. SHAARAIM {a:isi^ ; ZaKaptln ; Saraim, Saarim). — 1. A town of Judali, in the Shephfilah (lowland), mentioned (Jos 15") in the same group with Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah. It waa unknown to Eusebiua {Onom. s. Zapaely). Conder (PA'/ 472 SHAASHGAZ SHALLUM Mnn. iii. 194) suirgests Khurhet S'nireh, west of Beit AtAb ; others identify it with Zakariya (Riehm, HWB). Shaaraim is perhaps mentioned again in the pursuit of the Philistines after the death of Goliath (1 S 17°-), when ' tlie wounded Philistines fell down by the way to Shanraim (KVni ' the two gates '), even unto Gath and Eliron.' The meaning of the word is ' two gates,' and the LXX takes it in this passage to mean the gates of (Jath and Ekron. See, further, art. Gai, and Wellh. Savi. ad loc. 2. A town of Simeon (1 Ch 4") which appears as Sharuhen in Jos 19^, and as Shilhim in Jos 15^. It was situated in the Negeb, and was possibly the same place as the Canaanite ' fortress of the land of Sharuana,' mentioned in the annals of Thothmes in. (RP ii. 38). This indicates that the form Sharuhen is correct. C. W. \\'1LS0N.