Shovel (Hastings' Dictionary)

1. [v;], only in plur. O'y; (from root .-j"= ' swecji together,' with collat. idea of carrying atcay. Is 28" toiily]), occurs 9 times (Ex 27 38^ Nu 4" [all V], 1 K T"-", 2 K 25", 2 Ch 4"-", Jer 52'), always in a list of utensils belonging to the tabernacle or the temple. Tliere is no re.ison to doubt tliat shovels for removing tlie ashes from the altar are meant (cf. AVm note at Jer 52'). The LXX hug in IK T)- «» (M. H) »,fix^rrput (' tonffS or pincen' for taking hold of hot metal or coals), in 2 K 25'^ it transliterates i^fjLi^t (so B ; A strangely luMTta.). In the other passages uf tile LXX either the Heb. word is not represented at all, or it is dillicult to say what stands for it in the Gr. text, which differs from the MT both in the order and in the number of utensiU mentioned. 2. nr-i Is 30^ [only]. This stands for the broad, shallow winnowing shovel (the irrioi' of Mt 3'-, Lk 3" ; cf. the use of tlie Gr. word [not found in LXX] in Horn. //. xiii. 588 ; Aeschyl. Fr. 194 ; Sophocl. Fr. 931 ; Theocr. vii. 156) with wliich com after threshing was thrown up against the wind to clear it of the chatl'. It is to be distin- guished from the 'T;!? (Arab, midra) mentioned along with it in Is 30" (elsewhere only Jer 15' fig. of winnowing, i.e. chastising, the people), which was a fork with 5 or 6 prongs, used in the process of winnowing, along with the nn-i, in the way described in art. AGRICULTURE, vol. i. p. 51*, where both instruments are figured (cf. Wetzstein an. Del. Jes.- 707fl".). The EV of I.s 30=^ would therefore be improved by reading ' winnowed with the shovel and with the fork ' for ' winnowed with the shovel and with the fan.' The word 'fan,' which is misleading at best, ought, if retained in our version at all, to be used for nrn, not for Tip. J. A. Selbie.