Bible Word Study
אַשְׁבֵּעַ
ʼAshbêaʻ · Asbea, an Israelite
אַשְׁבֵּעַ
Asbea, an Israelite
Definition
Asbea is a proper name of an Israelite mentioned only once in the Bible. He is listed as the father of the clans of the linen workers at Beth-ashbea (1 Chronicles 4:21). The name itself means 'adjurer' or 'one who causes to swear,' derived from the Hebrew root for swearing an oath. As a personal name, it likely carried a sense of invoking God's name in a vow or covenant. There are no other major senses or meanings for this word, as it appears solely as this specific individual's name.
Biblical Usage
This word is used only once in the Old Testament, in 1 Chronicles 4:21. It appears in a genealogical list of the tribe of Judah, specifically identifying Asbea as the patriarch of families known for their skilled craft of linen weaving. The context is purely historical and genealogical, with no narrative or poetic usage elsewhere in the biblical text.
Etymology
The name Asbea (אַשְׁבֵּעַ) is derived from the Hebrew root שָׁבַע (shaba', H7650), which means 'to swear' or 'to take an oath.' It is a causative form of the verb, meaning 'he causes to swear' or 'adjurer.' This connects the name to the concept of making a solemn vow or covenant, a common theme in Israelite culture and theology.
Semantic Range
While the name Asbea itself is not theologically loaded, its etymological connection to oath-swearing (שָׁבַע) is significant. Oaths and covenants are central to God's relationship with Israel (e.g., the Abrahamic covenant in Genesis 15). Understanding that this name means 'adjurer' subtly reminds the reader of the importance of faithfulness, vows, and the solemnity of invoking God's name, even within a genealogical record. In ancient Israelite culture, names often carried meaning related to character, destiny, or divine action. Asbea, meaning 'adjurer,' suggests a family line associated with the solemn act of oath-taking. Furthermore, his descendants are noted as linen workers, a specialized and valued craft (1 Chronicles 4:21). This indicates social organization where certain families or clans were known for specific trades within the community. There are no direct synonyms for this proper name. However, it is etymologically related to: שָׁבַע (shaba', H7650) — the root verb meaning 'to swear, take an oath.'
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (BDB, 1906, public domain). Concordance and morphology data are from the OSHB (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible).
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]