Bible Word Study
בּוֹצֵץ
Bôwtsêts · Botsets, a rock near Michmash
בּוֹצֵץ
Botsets, a rock near Michmash
Definition
בּוֹצֵץ (Bôwtsêts) is a proper noun referring to a specific rock formation near the town of Michmash, mentioned in 1 Samuel 14:4. It is one of two prominent crags (the other being Seneh) that flanked a pass, forming a strategic military location. The name likely describes a physical characteristic of the rock, such as being 'shiny' or 'slippery,' which may have influenced its tactical significance. This location is solely referenced in the narrative of Jonathan's daring attack on the Philistine garrison.
Biblical Usage
This word is used only once in the Old Testament, in 1 Samuel 14:4. It functions strictly as a geographical proper name, identifying one of the two rocky crags between which Jonathan and his armor-bearer crossed to approach the Philistine outpost at Michmash. Its usage is entirely narrative and descriptive, providing specific setting detail for a key military event.
Etymology
The name בּוֹצֵץ (Bôwtsêts) appears to be derived from the same root as H948 (בּוּץ, bûts), which means 'to be white, shining,' or possibly 'to be slippery.' This suggests the rock was named for a visible, distinguishing feature—perhaps a gleaming limestone face or a smooth, slick surface. It is a descriptive place name common in Hebrew topography.
Semantic Range
While the word itself is a geographical marker, its location is theologically significant. The rock of Bozez is part of the setting for Jonathan's act of faith in 1 Samuel 14:6, where he declares, 'nothing can hinder the LORD from saving by many or by few.' The specific, named terrain underscores God's sovereignty over the physical world and His ability to use obscure places for decisive acts of deliverance, highlighting that victory comes through faith in God, not military advantage. In the ancient Near East, distinctive landscape features like prominent rocks were often named and served as boundary markers or navigational landmarks. A 'shining' crag would be a highly visible reference point. In the context of 1 Samuel 14, controlling such passes was crucial for military movement, making Bozez and Seneh key tactical positions in the conflict between Israel and the Philistines. סֶנֶה (Seneh, H5573) — The other named crag forming the pass with Bozez near Michmash (1 Samuel 14:4). צוּר (tsûr, H6697) — A general Hebrew term for 'rock' or 'cliff,' often used for God as a refuge, whereas Bozez is a specific, named rock.
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (BDB, 1906, public domain). Concordance and morphology data are from the OSHB (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible).
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]