סַאסְּאָה

סַאסְּאָה

measurement, i.e. moderation

Definition

The Hebrew noun סַאסְּאָה (çaʼçᵉʼâh) refers to a specific, measured quantity or a measured action. It denotes the concept of a determined measure, often implying moderation or a limited, controlled amount. In its sole biblical occurrence in Isaiah 27:8, it describes God's judgment as being executed 'in measure' or 'by moderation,' suggesting a controlled, purposeful limitation rather than unrestrained destruction. This points to a judicial action that is precise and tempered, even within a context of correction.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the Old Testament, in Isaiah 27:8. It appears in a prophetic context describing God's discipline of his people. The usage is metaphorical, applying the concept of a physical measurement to divine judgment. The phrase 'in measure' (בְּסַאסְּאָה) modifies God's act of contending with or expelling Israel, indicating the judgment is calculated and not total annihilation.

Etymology

The word סַאסְּאָה is a rare, emphatic or intensive form derived from the more common noun סְאָה (sᵉʼâh, H5429), which was a specific dry measure equivalent to about 7.5 liters. The intensified form likely emphasizes the act or principle of measuring itself, moving from a concrete unit of capacity to the abstract idea of measured action or moderation.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it reveals a key attribute of God's judgment: it is purposeful and measured. In Isaiah 27:8, it underscores that God's discipline of his covenant people, even when severe, is governed by his mercy and redemptive purpose. It is not capricious or exhaustive. Understanding this Hebrew term enriches the reading of this passage by highlighting the careful calibration of God's justice, which always leaves room for repentance and restoration. In its original context, the root concept (סְאָה) was a familiar unit for measuring grain. The audience would have immediately understood the imagery of a carefully portioned amount. The prophet Isaiah uses this tangible, everyday concept of a measured container to communicate the abstract, spiritual reality of God's limited and intentional discipline. סְאָה (sᵉʼâh, H5429) — The base word, a concrete unit of dry measure. מִדָּה (middâh, H4060) — A more general term for measurement, dimension, or portion, used in various contexts.

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