סְגוֹר

סְגוֹר

properly, shut up, i.e. the breast (as enclosing the heart); also gold (as generally shut up safely)

Definition

The Hebrew noun סְגוֹר (çᵉgôwr) carries the core meaning of something 'shut up' or 'enclosed.' In its two biblical occurrences, it develops two distinct but related senses. In Job 28:15, it refers to 'gold,' picturing the precious metal as something securely stored or hoarded away. In Hosea 13:8, it describes the 'chest' or 'heart' of a wild animal, understood as the vital organ enclosed and protected within the rib cage. Both uses spring from the root idea of being closed off or sealed.

Biblical Usage

This rare word is used only twice in the Old Testament, in two different poetic books, and with two different meanings. In the wisdom literature of Job 28:15, it is used metaphorically for 'gold' within a discourse on the inaccessibility of true wisdom, which cannot be purchased even with sealed-up treasure. In the prophetic book of Hosea 13:8, it is used literally for the 'chest' or 'heart' of a wild beast (a lion or bear) in a graphic metaphor of God's judgment, where He will tear open this enclosed place.

Etymology

Derived from the root verb סָגַר (sāgar, H5462), meaning 'to shut, close, or imprison.' סְגוֹר is a noun form indicating 'a shut-up thing' or 'an enclosure.' This root connection clearly informs both of its biblical meanings—gold as a shut-up treasure and the chest as an enclosure for the heart.

Semantic Range

Though rare, this word contributes to significant theological imagery. In Job 28, its use for 'gold' underscores the theme that divine wisdom is beyond the reach of material wealth, no matter how securely stored. In Hosea 13, the image of God as a wild beast tearing open the סְגוֹר (chest) powerfully conveys the inescapable and visceral nature of His judgment against Israel's idolatry, attacking the very seat of life. Understanding the 'enclosed' nuance adds depth to these metaphors of value and vulnerability. The conceptual link between a protected chest cavity and hoarded gold reflects an ancient understanding of value and vitality. The heart was seen as the center of life and emotion, needing protection. Similarly, gold, as the ultimate form of wealth, was physically secured in treasuries. This word bridges the physical security of the body and the economic security of treasure, both considered vital enclosures. זָהָב (zāhāḇ, H2091) — The standard, more common word for 'gold,' without the connotation of being shut away. לֵב (lēḇ, H3820) — The primary word for 'heart,' focusing on the inner person (mind, will, emotions) rather than the physical organ or its bony enclosure.

Word Details