חִתּוּל

חִתּוּל

swathed, i.e. a bandage

Definition

חִתּוּל (chittûwl) refers to a bandage or wrapping used to bind a wound, specifically a 'roller' or 'swathing band' as described in the KJV. The word appears only in Ezekiel 30:21, where it denotes the bandage applied to a broken arm that has not been properly set, leaving it weak and unstable. This singular biblical usage emphasizes a medical or therapeutic context of binding and support, rather than a general cloth. It conveys the idea of an inadequate or failed attempt at healing, as the bandage cannot restore strength to the unset fracture.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the Old Testament, in Ezekiel 30:21. It appears in a prophetic oracle against Egypt, where God declares He will break Pharaoh's arms—one already broken and poorly bandaged, the other strong but to be broken. The term is used metaphorically within a judgment context to depict Egypt's incurable weakness and failed recovery, despite the appearance of a remedy (the bandage).

Etymology

Derived from the root חָתַל (chāthal, H2853), meaning 'to swathe' or 'to wrap tightly,' as in wrapping an infant (Ezekiel 16:4) or binding a wound. חִתּוּל is a noun form indicating the bandage itself. Cognates in other Semitic languages also relate to binding or wrapping, reinforcing its core sense of a constrictive covering for protection or healing.

Semantic Range

Though used only once, this word carries theological weight in its context. It illustrates divine judgment on human power and pride (Egypt/Pharaoh), showing that human efforts at 'bandaging' or repairing brokenness are futile without God's intervention. The inadequate bandage symbolizes false security and incomplete healing, enriching the reader's understanding of God's sovereignty over nations and the insufficiency of earthly remedies apart from Him. In ancient Near Eastern culture, bandages made from linen strips were common for treating fractures and wounds, as seen in Egyptian medical practices. The 'roller' bandage in Ezekiel would have been familiar as a medical implement, but its depiction as ineffective highlights a deliberate contrast with Egypt's renowned medical expertise, underscoring the prophecy's humiliating message. חֲבָשָׁה (chăbāshâ, H2282) — a broader term for bandage or binding, often used for dressing wounds (Isaiah 1:6). תַּחְבֹּלֶת (tachbōleth, H2256) — a sail or cable, implying binding, but not medical; used metaphorically for counsel (Proverbs 1:5).

Word Details