חוּט

חוּט

a string; by implication, a measuring tape

Definition

The Hebrew word חוּט (chûwṭ) primarily means a string, cord, or thread. It can refer to a literal thread, as in the scarlet cord Rahab used to mark her house in Joshua 2:18, or to the threads of a garment, like the 'scarlet thread' metaphorically describing lips in Song of Solomon 4:3. By extension, it denotes a measuring line or tape, used in construction contexts like the measuring of the bronze pillars in the temple (1 Kings 7:15; Jeremiah 52:21). The word also appears in figurative expressions, such as the 'threefold cord' representing strong companionship in Ecclesiastes 4:12.

Biblical Usage

חוּט is used in various contexts across seven Old Testament occurrences. It appears in narratives for practical items: a lifeline (Joshua 2:18), a binding (Judges 16:12—Samson's bowstrings), and a symbol in oaths (Genesis 14:23). In poetic and wisdom literature, it serves metaphorically: for beauty (Song of Solomon 4:3) and strength (Ecclesiastes 4:12). In historical descriptions of the temple, it specifies a measuring line (1 Kings 7:15; Jeremiah 52:21). No single book dominates its usage.

Etymology

Derived from an unused root probably meaning 'to sew' or 'to bind.' This root sense connects to the word's core meaning of a thread or cord used for joining or fastening. Cognates in other Semitic languages, like Aramaic and Arabic, also carry meanings related to threads or lines, supporting this idea of a slender, binding object.

Semantic Range

While a common noun, חוּט gains theological resonance in specific contexts. In Joshua 2, the scarlet cord (חוּט) becomes a symbol of salvation and covenant faithfulness for Rahab's household, prefiguring themes of redemption. In Ecclesiastes 4:12, the 'threefold cord' is a powerful metaphor for divinely strengthened human community, suggesting that fellowship, especially with God as the third strand, provides unbreakable resilience. Understanding these nuances enriches reading by highlighting how ordinary objects can convey profound spiritual truths. In ancient Israelite culture, cords and threads were essential for daily life—used in construction, textiles, binding, and measurement. A measuring line (חוּט) was a vital tool for builders and surveyors, representing precision and order. The scarlet thread, possibly dyed with expensive pigment, could signify distinction or a marker, as with Rahab. The concept of a cord's strength being multiplied by twisting (as in a threefold cord) was a practical observation applied to social and spiritual bonds. חֶבֶל (chebel, H2256) — a thicker rope, cable, or measuring line, often for larger tasks like anchoring ships or measuring territory. פְּתִיל (pᵉthîyl, H6616) — a thread or cord, specifically a twisted thread, used for binding or as a tassel. מִדָּה (middâh, H4060) — a measurement or measure, focusing more on the standard or act of measuring than the physical line itself.

Word Details