סוּג

סוּג

to hem in, i.e. bind

Definition

The Hebrew verb סוּג (çûwg) fundamentally means 'to hem in' or 'to bind,' conveying the idea of setting a boundary or limit around something. In its single biblical occurrence in Song of Solomon 7:2, it describes the curving or rounded shape of a woman's thighs, poetically pictured as being artfully crafted or enclosed. This suggests a sense of being beautifully formed or set apart. While the core meaning relates to enclosure, the context implies craftsmanship and deliberate shaping rather than mere restriction.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the Old Testament, in Song of Solomon 7:2. It appears in a poetic, descriptive context within a love song, used to depict physical beauty through the imagery of skillful artistic shaping. There is no pattern of usage across multiple books or genres, making this a hapax legomenon (a word occurring only once).

Etymology

סוּג is a primitive root. It is likely connected to the idea of shrinking back or turning aside (as in its identical form H5472), possibly through the concept of drawing a boundary line that causes one to turn away. This connection to boundaries and limits informs its meaning of 'hemming in.' It is compared to שׂוּג (H7735), which means to go about or surround.

Semantic Range

While used only in a poetic, descriptive context, the word subtly touches on themes of divine craftsmanship and beauty in creation. The imagery in Song of Solomon 7:2 of being 'artfully wrought' or 'hemmed in' can reflect a theological understanding of humans as fearfully and wonderfully made (Psalm 139:13-14). It enriches the reading by highlighting the intentionality and artistry perceived in the beloved, which can be seen as mirroring God's creative work. In the cultural context of ancient Hebrew poetry, descriptions of physical beauty often used metaphors from craftsmanship, architecture, and nature. The idea of 'hemming in' or shaping with art would be understood as a high compliment, indicating skillful work and precious value. This differs from a modern, purely literal understanding of 'binding,' as it carries positive aesthetic and artistic connotations in this specific setting. סָבַב (sâbab, H5437) — to turn around, surround; a more general term for encircling. אָסַר (ʼâçar, H631) — to bind, tie; often used for literal binding or imprisonment. גָּדַר (gâdar, H1443) — to wall up or build a wall; focuses on constructing a barrier.

Word Details