Bible Word Study
עֵין תַּפּוּחַ
ʻÊyn Tappûwach · En-Tappuach, a place in Palestine
עֵין תַּפּוּחַ
En-Tappuach, a place in Palestine
Definition
En-Tappuach is a proper noun referring to a specific location in ancient Palestine, meaning 'fountain of the apple-tree' or 'spring of the apple.' It appears as a place name in the context of tribal land allotments following the Israelite conquest. In Joshua 17:7, it serves as a boundary marker between the territories of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim, indicating its geographical and political significance in defining tribal inheritance. The name combines two common Hebrew elements to describe a notable landmark, likely a spring near an apple or apricot tree, which would have been a vital water source in the region.
Biblical Usage
This word is used only once in the Old Testament, in Joshua 17:7, where it functions as a geographical boundary point. It specifies the border of Manasseh from Asher to Michmethath and then to En-Tappuach, illustrating its role in the detailed territorial divisions described in the book of Joshua. The usage is purely locational, with no figurative or extended meanings elsewhere in Scripture.
Etymology
The name En-Tappuach is a compound of two Hebrew words: 'ayin' (H5869), meaning 'spring' or 'fountain,' and 'tappuach' (H8598), meaning 'apple' or possibly 'apricot' tree. It is a straightforward descriptive toponym, common in Hebrew place-naming, indicating a water source associated with a particular type of tree. Similar constructions appear in other biblical place names, such as En-Gedi ('spring of the kid') and En-Rogel ('spring of the fuller').
Semantic Range
In the ancient Near East, place names often derived from observable natural features, especially water sources, which were critical for survival and settlement. En-Tappuach reflects this practice, identifying a spring that was likely a known landmark. The 'apple' or fruit tree might have denoted a cultivated area or a distinctive tree near the spring. Understanding such names helps modern readers visualize the landscape and appreciate the practical, geographical details that underpin biblical narratives of land allocation and tribal identity. En-Gedi (ʻÊyn Gedîy, H5872) — another place name meaning 'spring of the kid,' a fountain in Judah. En-Rogel (ʻÊyn Rôgêl, H5883) — a place name meaning 'spring of the fuller,' a site near Jerusalem. Both are compound names with 'ayin' (spring) but feature different descriptive elements.
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (BDB, 1906, public domain). Concordance and morphology data are from the OSHB (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible).
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]