Bible Word Study
הִדַּי
Hidday · Hiddai, an Israelite
הִדַּי
Hiddai, an Israelite
Definition
Hiddai is a proper name referring to one of King David's mighty warriors, known as the 'Thirty' or 'Thirty-Seven' (the exact number varies in lists). He is specifically listed in 2 Samuel 23:30 as 'Hiddai from the brooks of Gaash.' As a personal name, it carries no other semantic meaning beyond identifying this individual. The name appears only in this single biblical context, and there are no alternate meanings or applications in Scripture. His inclusion signifies his status as a valiant fighter loyal to David during the establishment of the kingdom.
Biblical Usage
The name Hiddai is used exactly once in the Old Testament, in the context of a military roster. It appears in 2 Samuel 23:8-39, which catalogues David's most elite and courageous soldiers. This list, found in the historical books, serves to honor these men and document the military leadership that supported David's reign. The usage is purely identificatory, with no narrative or dialog built around the individual.
Etymology
The etymology of הִדַּי (Hiddai) is uncertain. Scholars suggest it may be derived from a root meaning 'to rejoice' or could be a shortened form of a longer name, possibly related to Hadad, a Canaanite deity. However, its precise linguistic origin remains unclear, and it is classified as a name of uncertain derivation in standard lexicons.
Semantic Range
As a personal name from the Davidic era (c. 1000 BCE), 'Hiddai' reflects the naming conventions of ancient Israel. Being listed among David's 'mighty men' was a high honor, indicating exceptional bravery and loyalty. These warriors were celebrated heroes, and their names were preserved in royal annals and later biblical history as foundational figures in the story of Israel's monarchy. The note 'from the brooks of Gaash' identifies his geographic origin, which was a common way to distinguish individuals. None applicable for a proper name.
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (BDB, 1906, public domain). Concordance and morphology data are from the OSHB (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible).
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]