מַשָּׁאוֹן

מַשָּׁאוֹן

dissimulation

Definition

מַשָּׁאוֹן (mashshâʼôwn) refers to the act of hiding one's true intentions or feelings through deception or pretense. It specifically denotes 'dissimulation,' which is the concealment of one's thoughts, motives, or character by false appearances. In its sole biblical occurrence, it describes hatred that is deliberately concealed or covered over (Proverbs 26:26). The word conveys a sense of active, intentional deceit, where malice is masked to avoid detection.

Biblical Usage

This word appears only once in the Old Testament, in Proverbs 26:26: 'Though his hatred be covered with deceit (מַשָּׁאוֹן), his wickedness will be shown before the assembly.' It is used in the context of wisdom literature to warn against hypocritical individuals who hide their animosity. The usage is specific to describing concealed malice within interpersonal conflict, fitting the book's theme of discerning true character.

Etymology

Derived from the root נָשָׁא (nāšā’, H5377), which carries the basic meaning 'to deceive' or 'to lead astray.' מַשָּׁאוֹן is a noun form that intensifies the sense of deceit, indicating the state or product of deception. Cognates and related forms emphasize trickery or fraud, showing its semantic connection to deliberate misleading.

Semantic Range

This word highlights the biblical theme of God's omniscience and the futility of hiding sin from Him. It underscores the seriousness of hypocrisy, especially in the wisdom tradition, where integrity of heart is valued. Understanding this Hebrew term enriches the reading of Proverbs by emphasizing that internal hatred, even when masked, is ultimately exposed by God and community judgment, reinforcing the call for genuine righteousness. In ancient Israelite wisdom culture, social harmony and truthful relationships were paramount. Dissimulation was seen as a severe breach of trust, as community life relied on transparency. The concept warns against the cultural danger of hidden malice, which could disrupt the peace and justice of the assembly, reflecting a society where public exposure of wrongdoing was a key means of maintaining order. מִרְמָה (mirmâ, H4820) — general deceit or treachery, often in actions. כָּזָב (kāzāḇ, H3577) — a lie or falsehood, more verbal deception. תַּרְמִית (tarmîṯ, H8649) — deceit or guile, often with cunning intent.

Word Details