Bible Word Study
μείζων
meizōn · greater, greatest
μείζων
greater, greatest
Definition
The Greek word μείζων is the comparative form of μέγας (megas, 'great'), meaning 'greater' or 'greatest.' It is used to denote superiority in degree, importance, or status. In a spiritual context, it often contrasts worldly greatness with true greatness in God's kingdom, as when Jesus says the greatest in the kingdom is like a child (Matthew 18:4). It can also refer to something of greater significance, such as Jesus being 'greater than the temple' (Matthew 12:6) or 'greater than Jonah' (Matthew 12:41), asserting his supreme authority.
Biblical Usage
μείζων appears 28 times in the New Testament, primarily in the Gospels (especially Matthew) and the Johannine writings. It is used in comparative statements about spiritual status (e.g., Matthew 11:11; 23:11), the superiority of Jesus (John 14:28), and the greater love of laying down one's life (John 15:13). In 1 John, it describes God's love as 'greater' than human conscience (1 John 3:20). The usage consistently highlights a qualitative or hierarchical comparison within God's redemptive framework.
Etymology
Derived from the root μέγας (megas, G3173, 'great'), μείζων is the irregular comparative form. It follows a common Indo-European pattern for comparatives. Cognates include the Latin 'maior' (greater). Its development from 'large in size' to 'greater in importance' reflects typical semantic broadening in Koine Greek.
Semantic Range
This word is theologically significant as it centers on Jesus' identity and the nature of true greatness in God's kingdom. It underscores Christ's supremacy over institutions (the temple, Jonah), persons (John the Baptist), and even angels (Hebrews). It redefines greatness as humility and service (Matthew 23:11), countering cultural expectations. Understanding this comparative enriches reading by highlighting the New Testament's consistent theme of inverted kingdom values. In the Greco-Roman world, 'greatness' was often associated with power, honor, and public achievement. Jesus' use of μείζων subverts this, redefining greatness through servanthood and childlike humility (Matthew 18:1-4). His claim to be 'greater than' Jewish institutions (the temple) challenged traditional sources of authority, positioning himself as the ultimate reference point. μέγας (megas, G3173) — the positive form meaning 'great' in size or importance, without comparative sense. κρείττων (kreittōn, G2909) — another comparative meaning 'better' or 'more excellent,' often used in Hebrews for the superiority of Christ and the new covenant. ἐλάσσων (elassōn, G1640) — the comparative meaning 'less' or 'younger,' serving as a direct antonym in some contexts.
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Dodson Greek-English Lexicon, supplemented by STEPBible TBESG data (CC BY 4.0). Concordance and morphology data are derived from the interlinear Bible.
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]