Bible Word Study
נֶפֶג
Nepheg · Nepheg, the name of two Israelites
נֶפֶג
Nepheg, the name of two Israelites
Definition
Nepheg is a proper noun referring to two distinct individuals in the Old Testament. The first is Nepheg, a son of Izhar and grandson of Kohath, making him a Levite from the priestly line (Exodus 6:21). The second is Nepheg, a son born to King David in Jerusalem, listed among his many children (2 Samuel 5:15, 1 Chronicles 3:7, 14:6). The name carries the sense of 'a sprout' or 'offshoot,' fitting for descendants who spring from a family line.
Biblical Usage
The name Nepheg is used exclusively for these two individuals across four verses in the Old Testament. It appears in genealogical and historical lists, specifically in Exodus 6:21 within the Levitical lineage, and in the royal chronicles of King David's family in 2 Samuel 5:15 and its parallel passages in 1 Chronicles 3:7 and 14:6. There is no narrative usage beyond these listings.
Etymology
Derived from an unused Hebrew root likely meaning 'to spring forth.' The name is related to the concept of a sprout or shoot emerging from a plant, metaphorically applied to a child or descendant. This imagery is common in Semitic naming conventions for offspring.
Semantic Range
While the name itself is not theologically loaded, its placement in scripture is significant. The Levite Nepheg is part of the priestly lineage God established for Israel's worship. The royal Nepheg, as a son of David, is a minor link in the genealogy that ultimately leads to the Messiah, Jesus Christ, the ultimate 'shoot' from the stump of Jesse (Isaiah 11:1). The name subtly reinforces themes of covenant lineage and God's faithfulness across generations. In ancient Israelite culture, names often held descriptive meaning about a person's character, destiny, or circumstances of birth. 'Nepheg' ('sprout') reflects a common practice of using natural growth imagery for children, seen as blessings and continuations of the family line. It differs from modern naming, which often prioritizes sound or family tradition over literal meaning. None directly applicable as a proper name. Conceptually related to: Tzemach (H6780) — 'branch' or 'shoot,' a messianic title; Yoneq (H3126) — 'suckling' or 'young plant,' emphasizing tender youth.
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (BDB, 1906, public domain). Concordance and morphology data are from the OSHB (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible).
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]