פַּח

פַּח

a (metallic) sheet (as pounded thin); also a spring net (as spread out like a lamina)

Definition

The Hebrew noun פַּח (pach) primarily refers to a thin, beaten metal sheet, such as the gold plates hammered out for the tabernacle's construction (Exodus 39:3). In a metaphorical and more frequent sense, it denotes a bird trap or snare—a spring-net spread flat on the ground, designed to suddenly close upon its prey. This imagery of a hidden, sudden trap is powerfully applied to describe the schemes of enemies (Psalm 11:6) and the consequences of turning from God (Joshua 23:13). In a unique usage, it refers to the bronze plates made from the censers of Korah's rebellion (Numbers 16:38).

Biblical Usage

פַּח is used 25 times, predominantly in poetic and prophetic books (Psalms, Job, Proverbs) to symbolize a sudden, inescapable danger or judgment. In historical texts, it describes literal metal sheets (Exodus 39:3, Numbers 16:38). The metaphorical use as a 'snare' or 'trap' is most common, portraying how the wicked are caught by their own schemes (Job 18:9-10) or how God allows adversity to ensnare the rebellious (Psalm 69:22).

Etymology

Derived from the root פָּחַח (pachach, H6351), meaning 'to snap, to spring shut.' This root conveys the sudden action of a trap closing, which directly informs the noun's dual meaning: both the thin, spread-out metal sheet and the spring-net that snaps shut.

Semantic Range

פַּח is a theologically significant word for understanding divine judgment and human consequence. It vividly illustrates how sin and rebellion against God function as a hidden trap that ultimately captures the sinner (Psalm 91:3, Proverbs 7:23). In the hands of God, it can symbolize the inescapable nature of His justice (Job 22:10). This metaphor enriches the biblical theme of God as both protector from snares and the one who may allow snares as a form of correction. In ancient Israel, bird-snaring with spring-nets was a common practice for food and sport. The imagery of a פַּח would have been immediately understood as a concealed, sudden, and often fatal danger. The crafting of thin metal plates by hammering was a specialized skill for artisans creating sacred and decorative objects. מוֹקֵשׁ (moqesh, H4170) — a more general term for any bait, lure, or trap. פַּח often emphasizes the sudden, springing mechanism. רֶשֶׁת (reshet, H7568) — a net, often a larger hunting net or fishing net, less focused on the sudden snap.

Word Details