Bible Word Study
Πάτμος
patmos · Patmos
Πάτμος
Patmos
Definition
Patmos is a small, rocky island in the Aegean Sea, located about 37 miles southwest of the ancient city of Ephesus. In the New Testament, it is identified solely as the place where the Apostle John received and wrote the visions contained in the Book of Revelation (Revelation 1:9). The island served as a place of exile or banishment under the Roman Empire, often for political or religious prisoners. Its mention grounds the apocalyptic prophecy in a specific, historical geographical context, contrasting its barren isolation with the grandeur of the heavenly visions revealed there.
Biblical Usage
The word Πάτμος is used only once in the New Testament, in Revelation 1:9. The author, John, introduces himself as a fellow sufferer and exile 'on the island called Patmos' because of his testimony for Jesus. Its usage is purely geographical, serving to locate the visionary experience. The context implies it was a place of punishment or isolation, which frames the entire Book of Revelation as a message received in a state of persecution.
Etymology
The name Πάτμος (Patmos) is of purely Greek origin, with no clear derivation from a simpler root. It is the proper name of the island itself, used in ancient Greek geographical and historical texts. As a proper noun, its meaning is fixed to the specific location and does not develop semantically from other words.
Semantic Range
While a geographical name, Patmos holds theological significance as the divinely appointed setting for the revelation of Jesus Christ. Its nature as a place of exile underscores the theme of Christian suffering and perseverance under imperial persecution, a key backdrop for the book's messages of judgment, hope, and ultimate victory. Understanding that John received this cosmic vision while banished to a barren island highlights God's power to reveal glory in places of human weakness and isolation. In the 1st century Roman world, islands like Patmos were commonly used as places of exile (deportatio in insulam) for individuals deemed threats to the state. Its mention would immediately signal to ancient readers that John was a political prisoner, banished for his proclamation of the Christian faith. This contrasts with a modern understanding of an island as a potential vacation spot, reframing it as a symbol of imperial oppression and control. Nēsos (νῆσος, G3520) — The general Greek word for 'island'; Patmos is a specific nēsos.
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Dodson Greek-English Lexicon, supplemented by STEPBible TBESG data (CC BY 4.0). Concordance and morphology data are derived from the interlinear Bible.
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]