שִׁבְרוֹן

שִׁבְרוֹן

rupture, i.e. a pang; figuratively, ruin

Definition

The Hebrew noun שִׁבְרוֹן (shibrôwn) primarily denotes a 'rupture' or 'breaking,' often describing a sudden, violent shattering. In its literal sense, it refers to a physical breaking or fracture, as in the breaking of a heart or spirit (Jeremiah 23:9). Figuratively, it extends to the concept of 'ruin' or 'destruction,' particularly the catastrophic downfall of nations or individuals, as seen in prophecies of judgment. The word carries a strong connotation of something being irreparably damaged or brought to a point of collapse.

Biblical Usage

This word appears only twice in the Old Testament, both in prophetic contexts of divine judgment. In Jeremiah 17:18, the prophet prays for his persecutors to experience 'destruction' (shibrôwn), linking it to the day of disaster. In Ezekiel 21:6, God tells the prophet to sigh with a 'breaking' (shibrôwn) of heart, symbolizing the profound grief and ruin coming upon Israel. Its usage is exclusively tied to contexts of severe emotional or national catastrophe.

Etymology

Derived from the root שָׁבַר (shavar, H7665), meaning 'to break, shatter, or crush.' This root is common in Hebrew, describing everything from breaking bones to breaking covenants. שִׁבְרוֹן is a noun form that intensifies the sense of the action, focusing on the resulting state of being broken or the event of breaking itself.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it captures the severe consequences of rebellion against God. It is used by prophets to describe the inevitable 'breaking' or 'ruin' that follows covenant disobedience. Understanding this term enriches the reading of judgment passages, emphasizing that divine punishment is not merely a setback but a fundamental shattering of the existing order, whether personal (a broken heart) or national (destruction). It points to the seriousness of sin and the totality of God's corrective justice. In ancient Near Eastern culture, the concept of 'breaking' was associated with ultimate defeat and humiliation. A broken weapon, a broken city wall, or a broken spirit signified complete loss of power and protection. The prophets used this culturally potent image to communicate the absolute nature of the coming divine judgment. שֶׁבֶר (shever, H7667) — A more common noun for 'breaking, fracture, or disaster,' often used interchangeably but can also mean 'famine.' שִׁבְרוֹן carries a slightly more intensive or abstract nuance. מַפָּלָה (mappalah, H4658) — 'ruin' or 'overthrow,' focusing more on the act of falling or being cast down rather than the shattering implied by שִׁבְרוֹן.

Word Details