תֹּקֶף

תֹּקֶף

might or (figuratively) positiveness

Definition

The Hebrew noun תֹּקֶף (tôqeph) primarily denotes 'strength,' 'power,' or 'authority.' In its three biblical occurrences, it consistently refers to the official, authoritative power of a ruler or a royal decree. In Esther 9:29, it describes the 'full authority' of Queen Esther used to confirm the Purim decree. In Esther 10:2, it refers to the 'power' and achievements of King Ahasuerus recorded in the chronicles. In Daniel 11:17, it is used figuratively, describing a king's determined intent ('with the strength of his whole kingdom') to enforce an agreement.

Biblical Usage

This word is used exclusively in late biblical books (Esther and Daniel) in contexts of Persian imperial authority. It always describes the power vested in or exercised by a monarch. The pattern shows it is a formal term for the enforceable might of a king's position, used for decrees (Esther 9:29), historical records of reign (Esther 10:2), and military-political strategy (Daniel 11:17).

Etymology

Derived from the root תָּקַף (tāqaph, H8630), meaning 'to be or become strong, prevail, overpower.' The noun form תֹּקֶף specifically denotes the abstract quality or state of strength and prevailing power that results from this action.

Semantic Range

While not a core covenant term, תֹּקֶף highlights the nature of earthly, political power in the biblical narrative. Its use in Esther and Daniel—books set in exile—subtly contrasts human authority with God's sovereignty. Understanding this word enriches reading by clarifying that the 'strength' referenced is not mere physical force but the official, legitimized power of a throne, against which God's people must often navigate. In the Persian imperial context of Esther and Daniel, תֹּקֶף reflects the absolute and centralized authority of the monarchy. A king's decree, issued with his תֹּקֶף, was unchangeable (as seen in Esther 8:8). This cultural understanding of irrevocable royal authority forms the crucial backdrop for the plot of Esther and the prophecies in Daniel. כֹּחַ (kōach, H3581) — General term for strength, power, or ability, more broad and less specifically official than תֹּקֶף. גְּבוּרָה (gᵊḇûrâ, H1369) — Often 'might' or 'valor,' emphasizing heroic strength or mighty deeds. עֹז (ʿōz, H5797) — Strength, often with connotations of majesty or refuge, frequently used of God's power.

Word Details