Bible Word Study
צַנְתָּרָה
tsantârâh · a tube
צַנְתָּרָה
a tube
Definition
צַנְתָּרָה (tsantârâh) refers to a tube or pipe, specifically a hollow cylindrical object used for conveying liquids. In its sole biblical occurrence in Zechariah 4:12, it describes the two golden pipes or channels through which olive oil flows from the two olive trees to the golden lampstand in the prophet's vision. The word emphasizes a conduit designed for a steady, directed supply, likely made of metal in this context. No other meanings or applications are attested in the Hebrew Bible.
Biblical Usage
This word is used only once in the Old Testament, in Zechariah 4:12. It appears in the context of Zechariah's vision of a golden lampstand fed by two olive trees. The prophet asks the interpreting angel about the two golden 'tsantârôt' (plural) that empty the golden oil from the trees. The usage is highly specific to this symbolic, visionary scene and describes the mechanism of supply.
Etymology
The noun צַנְתָּרָה (tsantârâh) is likely derived from the same root as צִנּוּר (tsinnûr, H6794), which means 'conduit' or 'pipe.' Both words share the core concept of a channel or tube. It may be related to a Semitic root denoting something hollow or tubular. The development appears straightforward, moving from a general sense of a hollow cylinder to a specific implement for transferring liquid.
Semantic Range
Though a simple object, the 'tsantârâh' holds theological significance in Zechariah's vision. It represents the divinely appointed means by which the Spirit's power (symbolized by the oil) is continuously supplied to God's people (the lampstand) for their mission. Understanding this Hebrew term highlights that God's provision is not sporadic but channeled through specific, reliable conduits—ultimately pointing to the Spirit's work through God's ordained instruments and leaders. In the ancient Near East, tubes or pipes made of metal, wood, or reed were used in various applications, including irrigation, musical instruments, and oil lamps. The golden pipes in Zechariah's vision would have been understood as a luxurious, durable, and efficient means of transport for precious oil, fitting for a sacred, symbolic object. This differs from a modern understanding of a pipe, as it specifically conveys a sacred, symbolic liquid in a ritual context. צִנּוּר (tsinnûr, H6794) — A more general term for a conduit or pipe, often for water.
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (BDB, 1906, public domain). Concordance and morphology data are from the OSHB (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible).
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]