Bible Word Study
יְדִיעֲאֵל
Yᵉdîyʻăʼêl · Jediael, the name of three Israelites
יְדִיעֲאֵל
Jediael, the name of three Israelites
Definition
Yᵉdîyʻăʼêl (Jediael) is a proper name meaning 'known by God' or 'knowing God,' derived from the Hebrew roots for 'know' and 'God.' It is borne by three distinct Israelites in the Old Testament. First, a son of Benjamin (1 Chronicles 7:6, 10-11). Second, one of David's mighty warriors from the tribe of Manasseh (1 Chronicles 11:45). Third, a gatekeeper in the temple during David's reign (1 Chronicles 26:2). The name consistently reflects a personal identity rooted in a relationship with God.
Biblical Usage
The name appears exclusively in the genealogical and historical lists of 1 Chronicles, specifically in chapters 7, 11, 12, and 26. It is used to identify individuals within the tribes of Benjamin and Manasseh, as well as among the Levitical gatekeepers. The contexts are purely historical, listing descendants, warriors, and temple officials, with no narrative development around the characters themselves (e.g., 1 Chronicles 7:6, 11:45).
Etymology
The name is a compound of the Hebrew verb יָדַע (yāḏaʿ, H3045), meaning 'to know,' and the noun אֵל (ʾēl, H410), meaning 'God.' It is a theophoric name, a common practice in Israelite culture, where divine names or titles were incorporated into personal names. The construction can be understood as either passive ('known by God') or active ('knowing God'), emphasizing a relational bond with the divine.
Semantic Range
As a theophoric name meaning 'known by God' or 'knowing God,' Jediael embodies a core biblical theme: the intimate, personal relationship between God and His people. It reflects the truth that God knows individuals by name (Exodus 33:17) and calls them into His service. While the characters themselves are not central figures, the name serves as a reminder that even those listed briefly in genealogies are known and valued by God, enriching our understanding of God's attention to individuals within the covenant community. In ancient Israelite culture, names were not merely labels but often carried significant meaning, describing character, destiny, or a family's relationship with God. Theophoric names like Jediael were extremely common, publicly declaring faith and invoking divine protection. The name's meaning—being known by or knowing God—highlights the cultural and religious importance of a personal covenant relationship with Yahweh, distinguishing Israel from surrounding nations who worshipped impersonal idols. Yᵉdîyâ (H3083) — another theophoric name meaning 'known by the LORD' (Jah). Yᵉhôyāḏāʿ (H3077) — a name meaning 'the LORD knows' (Jehoiada). ʿĂdîyʾēl (H5716) — a name meaning 'ornament of God.'
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (BDB, 1906, public domain). Concordance and morphology data are from the OSHB (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible).
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]