ἀποδημέω

I go into another country

Definition

The verb ἀποδημέω means to travel away from one's home or native land, often for an extended period. It primarily conveys the idea of being absent or journeying abroad, as seen in the parable of the tenants where a landowner 'went into another country' (Matthew 21:33, Mark 12:1, Luke 20:9). In the parable of the talents, it describes a master 'going on a journey' (Matthew 25:14-15), emphasizing a deliberate departure that leaves others in charge. The prodigal son's journey to a 'far country' (Luke 15:13) also uses this term, highlighting a physical and relational distance from home.

Biblical Usage

ἀποδημέω is used six times in the New Testament, exclusively in Jesus's parables within the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke). It consistently describes a figure of authority (a landowner, master, or father) departing on a journey, which sets the stage for a narrative about stewardship, responsibility, or rebellion during their absence. This pattern underscores themes of accountability and the temporary nature of the authority figure's absence.

Etymology

Derived from ἀπό (apo, meaning 'away from') and δῆμος (dēmos, meaning 'people' or 'country'). It literally means 'to be away from one's people or homeland.' The compound emphasizes separation from one's community, which fits its usage for traveling abroad.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it frames key parables about God's kingdom. The departure of the authority figure (often representing God or Christ) creates a period of testing and responsibility for those left behind, illustrating human stewardship, the expectation of return, and final accountability. Understanding this term enriches reading by highlighting the temporary nature of Christ's physical absence and the call for faithful living until his return.

In the first-century Greco-Roman world, long journeys were common for trade, governance, or military service, often involving significant risk and prolonged absence. A landowner traveling abroad (as in the parables) would entrust his estate to servants, a familiar cultural practice. This context makes the parables relatable, as listeners understood the weight of responsibility placed on those left in charge.

πορεύομαι (poreuomai, G4198) — a more general term for 'go' or 'travel,' without the specific connotation of being away from one's homeland. ἔρχομαι (erchomai, G2064) — means 'to come' or 'go,' focusing on movement rather than the state of being abroad.

Word Details

Scripture References