ἀπόκρισις

an answer, reply

Definition

ἀπόκρισις refers to a formal or considered answer, a reply given in response to a question or situation. In the New Testament, it consistently denotes a verbal response, often in contexts of interrogation or dialogue. For example, in Luke 20:26, it describes the scribes' inability to find a suitable 'answer' to Jesus's challenging question. In John 19:9, it signifies Pilate's specific 'reply' to Jesus during his trial. The term implies a degree of thoughtfulness or deliberation in the response provided.

Biblical Usage

This noun is used four times, exclusively in narrative contexts involving dialogue or questioning. It appears in the Gospels of Luke and John. In Luke 2:47, it describes the 'answers' the young Jesus gave to the teachers in the temple. In John 1:22, it is the 'answer' the priests and Levites demand from John the Baptist about his identity. The pattern shows it is used for significant, often public, verbal exchanges, not casual conversation.

Etymology

Derived from the verb ἀποκρίνομαι (apokrinomai, G611), meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply.' The noun is formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from') and a root related to judgment or decision (κρίσις, krisis), suggesting a response that 'comes from' a process of discernment or separation of options. Its meaning is straightforwardly 'an answering.'

Semantic Range

While a common word for 'answer,' its usage in key dialogues highlights moments of divine revelation and human accountability. In John 1:22 and 19:9, the demanded 'answers' force a confession of identity—John the Baptist's role and Jesus's kingship. Jesus's profound answers (Luke 2:47, 20:26) demonstrate his unique wisdom and authority, challenging his questioners. Understanding this term focuses attention on the content and consequence of responses to God's truth.

In the Greco-Roman world, formal dialogue and rhetorical debate were highly valued. A considered 'answer' (ἀπόκρισις) in a public setting, like a temple court or a governor's headquarters, carried weight and could determine one's reputation, legal standing, or even fate. This contrasts with a more informal, private reply.

ἀποκρίνομαι (apokrinomai, G611) — the verb form, meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply.' λόγος (logos, G3056) — a broader term for 'word,' 'statement,' or 'message,' not necessarily a direct reply.

Word Details

Scripture References