δέχομαι

I take, receive, accept, welcome

Definition

The verb δέχομαι (dechomai) primarily means 'to receive' or 'to accept,' but its meaning shifts based on context. In a physical sense, it means to take something into one's possession, like receiving a cup of water (Mark 9:41). More significantly, it often describes welcoming or accepting a person, such as receiving a prophet (Matthew 10:41) or a child in Jesus' name (Mark 9:37). In a spiritual sense, it denotes the receptive acceptance of divine truth or the kingdom of God, as seen when Jesus says one must 'receive the kingdom of God like a little child' (Mark 10:15, Luke 18:17). It can also imply accepting or acknowledging a message, as with accepting the testimony of John the Baptist (Matthew 11:14, Luke 7:30).

Biblical Usage

δέχομαι is used 48 times in the New Testament, appearing in the Gospels, Acts, and the Epistles, with a concentration in the Synoptic Gospels. It frequently occurs in sayings of Jesus about hospitality and discipleship, such as receiving his messengers (Matthew 10:40) or the act of welcoming. In Acts and the Epistles, it describes receiving the word of God (Acts 8:14, 1 Thessalonians 1:6) or spiritual gifts (2 Corinthians 11:4). A pattern emerges where receiving a person is equated with receiving Christ or God who sent them, giving the action deep relational and spiritual significance.

Etymology

The word δέχομαι is a common Greek verb meaning 'to take, receive, accept.' It is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, which carries the sense of 'to take, accept.' This root is also the source of the Latin 'decorus' (fitting, proper) and the English word 'decent.' In Greek, it is the root for related terms like δόκιμος (dokimos, 'approved') and δοχή (dochē, 'a reception'). Its fundamental meaning of 'taking to oneself' remained consistent, encompassing both physical reception and mental or spiritual acceptance.

Semantic Range

δέχομαι is theologically significant as it describes the human response to divine grace and revelation. It underscores that salvation and understanding are not merely intellectual assent but involve a welcoming, receptive posture. The word highlights the link between receiving Christ's messengers and receiving Christ himself (Matthew 10:40), emphasizing the unity of the Christian community. It also defines the essential childlike faith required to enter the kingdom of God (Mark 10:15). Understanding this Greek term enriches reading by showing that faith is an active, welcoming acceptance of God's person and word, not a passive state.

In the ancient Mediterranean world, 'receiving' or 'welcoming' (δέχομαι) a traveler or messenger was a sacred duty of hospitality (xenia). To refuse such reception was a serious social breach. This cultural backdrop gives weight to Jesus' instructions to his disciples when they are not received (Matthew 10:14, Mark 6:11). The act carried implications of honor, protection, and forming a bond. Thus, when the New Testament speaks of 'receiving' the word or a prophet, it conveys not just agreement but a commitment to provide shelter, support, and fellowship, integrating the message or person into one's community.

λαμβάνω (lambanō, G2983) — Often a more general 'to take' or 'receive,' sometimes interchangeable, but λαμβάνω can imply a more active taking, while δέχομαι emphasizes a willing acceptance. παραλαμβάνω (paralambanō, G3880) — Means 'to receive from another,' often in the sense of receiving tradition or instruction. ἀποδέχομαι (apodechomai, G588) — A strengthened form meaning 'to welcome gladly' or 'receive with approval' (e.g., Acts 2:41).

Word Details

Scripture References