διαστολή

distinction, difference, separation

Definition

διαστολή refers to a clear distinction, difference, or separation. In the New Testament, it primarily denotes a divinely established distinction between groups of people, such as the distinction between Jew and Gentile in matters of faith and salvation (Romans 3:22, 10:12). In 1 Corinthians 14:7, the word is used in a musical analogy, describing the distinct notes or intervals produced by a flute or harp, illustrating the need for clarity in spiritual communication.

Biblical Usage

This word is used three times in the Pauline epistles. In Romans, it appears twice to explicitly negate any divinely recognized distinction between Jew and Gentile regarding righteousness through faith (Romans 3:22) and the availability of salvation (Romans 10:12). In 1 Corinthians 14:7, Paul uses it in a metaphorical sense for audible, distinguishable musical tones to argue for intelligible speech in worship.

Etymology

Derived from the verb διαστέλλω (diastellō, G1291), meaning 'to set apart, distinguish, or command.' It is a compound of διά (dia, 'through, across') and the root related to στέλλω (stellō, 'to send, set'). The noun form thus carries the core idea of a 'setting apart' or 'separation through.'

Semantic Range

διαστολή is theologically significant for the doctrine of universal grace. Paul uses it to dismantle ethnic and religious barriers to the gospel, declaring that in Christ there is no salvific 'distinction' between Jew and Gentile. Understanding this Greek term highlights the revolutionary, inclusive nature of the New Covenant, where access to God is based solely on faith in Jesus Christ.

In the first-century Greco-Roman and Jewish world, sharp ethnic and religious distinctions (like those between Jew and Gentile) were deeply ingrained in social and religious life. Paul's declaration that there is 'no distinction' (οὐ γάρ ἐστιν διαστολή) in key areas was a radical, counter-cultural statement that redefined the people of God.

διακρίνω (diakrinō, G1252) — to judge, distinguish, or dispute (focuses on the act of making a judgment or separation). διάκρισις (diakrisis, G1253) — a distinguishing, discernment, or judgment (the resulting act or faculty).

Word Details

Scripture References