δότης

a giver

Definition

δότης is a noun meaning 'a giver' or 'one who gives.' In its sole New Testament occurrence (2 Corinthians 9:7), it describes a person who gives cheerfully and willingly, specifically in the context of financial giving to support other believers. The word inherently carries a positive connotation of generosity and active participation in meeting needs. Unlike more general terms for giving, δότης emphasizes the character and role of the person who gives, rather than just the act itself.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the New Testament, in 2 Corinthians 9:7. Here, the Apostle Paul instructs the Corinthian church about generous giving for the relief of fellow Christians in Jerusalem. He states, 'Each one must give as he has decided in his heart, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver (ἱλαρὸν δότην).' Its usage is specifically tied to the context of Christian charity and stewardship.

Etymology

Derived from the verb δίδωμι (didōmi, G1325), meaning 'to give.' The suffix -της (-tēs) forms an agent noun, indicating 'one who performs the action.' Thus, δότης literally means 'one who gives.' It is a straightforward formation common in Greek for describing a person characterized by a specific action.

Semantic Range

Though used only once, δότης is theologically significant as it describes the ideal posture for Christian giving. It connects generosity directly to the heart's attitude—cheerfulness (ἱλαρός)—which God loves. This elevates giving from a mere duty or transaction to an act of worship and joyful obedience, reflecting God's own generous character (John 3:16). Understanding this Greek term enriches reading by highlighting that God values the cheerful giver's character, not just the gift.

In Greco-Roman culture, public benefaction (often by the wealthy) was common and brought social honor. Paul's use of δότης, however, redefines generosity within the Christian community. It is not for public acclaim but is a private, heart-motivated act of love toward fellow believers, detached from the patron-client honor system. The 'cheerful' aspect contrasts with giving out of social obligation or compulsion.

διδούς (didous, part. of G1325) — a participle meaning 'giving,' focusing on the ongoing action rather than the person's role. εὐεργέτης (euergetēs, G2110) — a benefactor or doer of good, often with a public, honor-seeking connotation (Luke 22:25). μεταδίδωμι (metadidōmi, G3330) — to share or impart, emphasizing the sharing of what one has (Romans 12:8).

Word Details

Scripture References