Ἐμμαούς

Emmaus

Definition

Ἐμμαούς (Emmaus) is the name of a village near Jerusalem, specifically mentioned in Luke 24:13 as the destination of two disciples on the day of Jesus's resurrection. Its primary meaning is geographical, identifying a settlement approximately seven miles (60 stadia) from Jerusalem. The narrative in Luke 24:13-35 is the sole biblical reference, where Emmaus serves as the setting for Jesus's post-resurrection appearance and revelation during a meal. No other distinct senses or meanings are attested in the biblical text.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the New Testament, in Luke 24:13. It functions strictly as a proper noun identifying a village location. The usage provides the geographical context for the significant post-resurrection encounter where Jesus, initially unrecognized, explains the Scriptures to Cleopas and another disciple and is finally made known to them in the breaking of bread.

Etymology

The name Ἐμμαούς (Emmaus) is a Greek transliteration of a Hebrew or Aramaic place name, likely derived from the Hebrew word for 'warm spring' (חמה, *chammah*). This suggests the village may have been known for its thermal baths. The Greek form is a direct adoption of the local Semitic name into the Greek text of the Gospel.

Semantic Range

While Emmaus itself is a geographical name, its theological significance is entirely tied to the narrative in Luke 24. It represents a place of revelation and recognition—where the risen Christ opens the Scriptures and reveals himself in the ordinary act of sharing a meal. This event underscores themes of Christ's real presence, the interpretation of Scripture centering on his suffering and glory, and the transformation of grief into faith. Understanding it as the specific, real location grounds the resurrection account in historical reality.

In the 1st-century Jewish context, Emmaus was a known village within a walking distance from Jerusalem. Its potential association with a 'warm spring' might indicate it was a minor settlement or waypoint. The distance of '60 stadia' (about 7 miles) was a common afternoon's journey, making the disciples' trip and return to Jerusalem that same evening culturally plausible. Its mention anchors the resurrection story in a concrete, familiar setting for Luke's original audience.

κώμη (kōmē, G2968) — a general Greek word for 'village' or 'town', of which Emmaus is a specific example.

Word Details

Scripture References