ἐπιδιορθόω

I put in order

Definition

ἐπιδιορθόω means to set in order, correct, or put right. It carries the sense of completing or perfecting an arrangement that already exists, often implying a process of adjustment or restoration to a proper state. In its single New Testament occurrence in Titus 1:5, it refers to the apostolic instruction to Titus to 'set in order' or 'straighten out' what was lacking in the churches of Crete. The word suggests a thorough, corrective action beyond a simple initial setup.

Biblical Usage

This verb is used only once in the New Testament, in Titus 1:5. Here, the Apostle Paul instructs his delegate Titus: 'For this reason I left you in Crete, that you should set in order (ἐπιδιορθόω) the things that are lacking.' The context is ecclesiastical organization—specifically, appointing elders in every town to establish proper leadership and doctrine. The usage implies a corrective, supervisory role to complete and properly arrange existing church communities.

Etymology

Derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'over') combined with the verb διορθόω (diorthoō, meaning 'to make straight,' 'correct,' or 'set right'). Διορθόω itself comes from διά (dia, 'through') and ὀρθός (orthos, 'straight'). Thus, ἐπιδιορθόω intensifies the base meaning to imply a thorough correction or setting right upon an existing foundation.

Semantic Range

This word highlights the New Testament emphasis on orderly church governance and apostolic authority. In Titus 1:5, it underscores the transitional role of apostolic delegates in establishing sound leadership and doctrine, which is foundational for church health and the preservation of truth. Understanding this Greek term enriches reading by showing that church order is not merely administrative but a spiritual necessity for correction and completion, guarding against false teaching.

In the Greco-Roman world, the concept of 'setting things straight' (διορθόω) was used in various contexts, from political administration to repairing buildings. The prefix ἐπί- adds a layer of supervisory authority. In Titus, applying this term to church organization would resonate with cultural expectations of proper civic order and delegated authority, while investing it with spiritual significance for the Christian community.

διορθόω (diorthoō, G1358) — a more general term for making straight or correcting, without the intensive supervisory nuance. καταρτίζω (katartizō, G2675) — to mend, restore, or equip, often used for perfecting or preparing people. ἐπισκευάζω (episkeuazō, G643) — to prepare or mend, typically for physical objects or journeys.

Word Details

Scripture References