Γεδεών

Gideon

Definition

Γεδεών (Gideon) is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Gid'on, referring to the Israelite judge Gideon from the Book of Judges. In the Bible, Gideon is a military leader and judge chosen by God to deliver Israel from Midianite oppression (Judges 6-8). His story highlights themes of faith, divine testing (the fleece), and God's power working through human weakness. In the New Testament, he is cited in Hebrews 11:32 among the heroes of faith, exemplifying faithful obedience and God's deliverance.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the New Testament, in Hebrews 11:32, where Gideon is listed in the 'Hall of Faith' alongside other judges and prophets like Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, and Samuel. The context is a summary of Old Testament figures who demonstrated faith, emphasizing that Gideon's victories were achieved through faith in God. No other New Testament book mentions him.

Etymology

Γεδεών is a direct transliteration of the Hebrew name גִּדְעוֹן (Gid'on), meaning 'hewer' or 'cutter down,' possibly referring to a warrior or one who cuts down enemies. The Greek form preserves the phonetic sound of the Hebrew original without adding semantic meaning, as was common for proper names in the Septuagint (the Greek Old Testament) and New Testament.

Semantic Range

Gideon is theologically significant as an example of faith in God's promises despite initial doubt and weakness. His inclusion in Hebrews 11 underscores that faith, not personal strength, is key to God's work. Understanding the Greek form connects New Testament readers to his Old Testament story, enriching the theme of God's faithfulness across covenants and highlighting how God uses imperfect people to accomplish His purposes.

In first-century Jewish and early Christian culture, Gideon was a well-known figure from Israel's history as a judge, viewed as a model of deliverance and faith. Readers of Hebrews would have been familiar with his narrative from the Septuagint, seeing him as part of their spiritual heritage. The cultural understanding emphasized God's intervention in times of crisis, which resonated with early Christians facing persecution.

Βαράκ (Barak, G913) — Another judge and military leader listed with Gideon in Hebrews 11:32. Σαμψών (Samson, G4546) — A judge known for physical strength, contrasted with Gideon's reliance on God's power. Ἰεφθάε (Jephthah, G2422) — A judge also cited in Hebrews 11:32, known for a vow and victory.

Word Details

Scripture References