λεπίς
a scale, scaly substance
Definition
The Greek word λεπίς (lepis) refers to a scale, specifically a thin, flaky layer that peels off from a surface. In its primary sense, it denotes the physical scales of a fish or reptile (Leviticus 11:9-12 LXX). In the New Testament, its sole usage is metaphorical, describing something that fell from a person's eyes like scales, signifying the sudden removal of spiritual blindness. This meaning is directly tied to its physical sense of a covering that is shed.
Biblical Usage
Λεπίς is used only once in the New Testament, in Acts 9:18. It describes the physical scales that fell from Saul's (Paul's) eyes immediately after his encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus and his subsequent healing by Ananias. The usage is vivid and metaphorical, illustrating the instantaneous nature of his healing and his newfound spiritual sight and understanding.
Etymology
Derived from the verb λέπω (lepō), meaning 'to peel' or 'to strip off.' It is related to λεπτός (leptos), meaning 'thin' or 'fine,' as in a small coin (the 'mite'). The core idea is of a thin layer or flake that is detached.
Semantic Range
This word is theologically significant as it provides the powerful imagery for Paul's conversion in Acts 9:18. The 'scales' represent the spiritual blindness and ignorance that fell away when he recognized Jesus as Lord. It symbolizes divine revelation, immediate transformation, and the opening of one's spiritual perception. Understanding this Greek term enriches the reading by highlighting the physical metaphor for a profound spiritual event.
In the ancient Greco-Roman world, 'scales' were commonly associated with fish, reptiles, and certain skin diseases. The concept of scales falling from the eyes was a known metaphor for a sudden realization or the dispelling of ignorance, making Luke's description in Acts culturally resonant for his original audience.
φόλις (pholis, G5409) — a less common synonym also meaning 'scale,' used in the LXX for fish/reptile scales.
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Dodson Greek-English Lexicon, a concise public-domain resource suitable for introductory word study. Brief glosses are supplemented by STEPBible TBESG data (CC BY 4.0). For advanced research, standard scholarly references include BDAG (Danker, 3rd ed.) and LSJ.
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